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media > criminology 2.3 > Flashcards

criminology 2.3 Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

what is an agent of social control

A

anyone who helps maintain social control

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3
Q

labelling theory assumption

A

crime is a social construct and the labels society gives to deviant behaviour results in crime.

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4
Q

key theorist for labelling theory

A

Howard becker

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5
Q

beckers theory on labeling

A

Becker says laws are decided by powerful groups. they allow us to label people who don’t conform

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6
Q

what is primary labelling

A

initial stage of defining deviant behaviour.
is not labeled so person may not see action as deviant.

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7
Q

what is secondary deviance

A

person is labeled as deviant

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8
Q

who does labelling

A

agents of social control eg police, teachers, parents.
the media

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9
Q

what is a self-fulfilling prophecy

A

when a person lives up to the labels they have been given.

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10
Q

consequences of labelling

A

1: indivdual is labeled by the public as deviant.
2:encourages more deviance.
3: how behaviour is treated could lead to more deviance.
4: a deviant career.
5: deviant becomes their master status.

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11
Q

what is social class

A

a diversion of society based on social and economic status

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12
Q

what does social structure mean

A

social structure refers to how society is arranged and organised

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13
Q

what is Marxist assumption of criminality

A

capitalism is a crime is self due to inequality. it creates competition allow the ruling class to make laws, and force people into crime for material goods.

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14
Q

what is capitalism

A

a society where government is democratic ( society chooses leader)
property can be privately owned and uneven distribution of wealth. focuses on individuals

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15
Q

what is communism

A

a society where the government is totalitarian ( government has total control over society) property is owned by the state, wealth is distributed evenly and focuses of a community as a whole.

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16
Q

what its utilitarian crimes and who/why might people commit it

A

financial crimes such as robbery
lower class people may not feel like they can obtain materialistic goods and steal to obtain it.

17
Q

what is non-utilitarian crimes and who/why might people commit it

A

non finacial crimes like graffiti
lower class may commit these out of anger against capitalism

18
Q

cons of marxist theory of crime

A

it ignores other causes of crime.
sometimes the criminal justice system acts against higher class.
and other capitalist society like Japan have low crime rates

19
Q

what does left realism assume

A

left realism assumes that society is responsible for crime y making people feel deprived and forces people to turn to crime to not feel deprived.

20
Q

what does right realism assume

A

assumes individuals are responsible for crimes and society should get tougher on crime.

21
Q

what is the welfare system

A

a system that looks after the health of people in a country

22
Q

what do right realist not think criminals have?

A

right morals due to not being in a nuclear family (family with 2 parents)

23
Q

what has the welfare state created in society

A

the welfare state has created a underclass who commit crime.

24
Q

what does RCT suggest people do

A

people weigh the the rewards and punishments of committing a crime.

25
Q

what does right realist and RCT suggest

A

suggest that people have a choice in their behaviour.

26
Q

what is the right realist solution to crime.

A

right realist suggest to prevent crime society needs to increase the risk of committing crime.

27
Q

what is the reason left realist believe people feel deprived

A

poor people become aware of the gap between themselves and rich due to advertisements ands social media.

28
Q

left realist solution to crime

A

left realist believe that we need to create more opportunities for people in society

29
Q

meaning of marginalisation

A

the act of treating a person or group as though they are insignificant

30
Q

what is a subculture

A

a group of people within a larger culture, such as a country, who have something in common.

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