Criminal Defendant's Rights: Criminal Prosecution Flashcards

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1
Q

Double Jeopardy

A

Two crimes are not the same offense if EACH CRIME REQUIRES PROOF OF AN ELEMENT THAT THE OTHER DOES NOT

Each crime must be established by SEPARATE AND DISTINCT FACTS presented as evidence at trial

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2
Q

Privilege Against Compulsory Self-Incrimination

A

No person, in any criminal prosecution, shall be compelled to testify against himself

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3
Q

Involuntary Confession

A

Confession obtained by police officer that misleads or deceives a suspect in custody as to evidence against the suspect is NOT NECESSARILY INVOLUNTARY under the totality of the circumstances test

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4
Q

Prohibition on Extreme Instance of Mistreatment and Abuse

A

Only prohibits EXTREME instances of mistreatment and abuse

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5
Q

Right to Bail

A

Exists for crimes other than murder and treason

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6
Q

Bail for Defendant Charged with Murder or Treason

A

(1) State bears burden showing proof is evident or presumption is strong
(2) State must present evidence that D more likely than not committed the crime of murder or treason
(3) D must be allowed to present rebuttal evidence

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7
Q

Habitual Offender Enhancements

A

Enhancement of a habitual offender’s sentence is judged on the bases of the:

(1) Nature and gravity of the PRESENT OFFENSE; and
(2) Nature of the PRIOR OFFENSES

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8
Q

Penalties Not Based on Prior Offenses

A

Must be graduated and proportioned to the NATURE OF THE OFFENSE

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9
Q

Jury Instructions

A

Judge has right to advise jury as to the law applicable in a criminal case

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10
Q

No Jury Nullification

A

No right of the jury to disregard the law

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11
Q

Right to Jury Trial in Civil Cases

A

Extends only to actions at COMMON LAW

DOES NOT INCLUDE EQUITABLE ACTIONS

When a claim or cause of action or any essential part thereof invokes the equitable jurisdiction of the court, the entire action is tried as an equitable action

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