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HOSA forensics > Crime Scene And Investigation > Flashcards

Crime Scene And Investigation Flashcards

1
Q

Primary crime scene

A

The original location of the crime scene or accident.

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2
Q

Secondary crime scene

A

Subsequent crime scenes

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3
Q

Macroscopic crime scene

A

The broad crime scene.

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4
Q

Microscopic crime scene

A

The smaller crime scenes in the broad crime scene

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5
Q

Types of information that can be obtained from testing and examination of physical evidence.

A

Linkage of persons, scenes, objects, investigation, information on the corpus delicti, information on the modus operandi, proving or disproving witness statements, identification of the suspect(s), identification of unknown substances, and reconstruction of a crime.

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6
Q

Corpus delicti

A

A crime must have proof to have occurred before a person can be convicted.

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7
Q

Modus operandi

A

Someone’s habits of working; mode of operation.

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8
Q

Crime scene management

A
  1. Information management
  2. Manpower management
  3. Technology management
  4. Logistic management
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9
Q

First responding officers

A

The only people to view the crime scene in its most original and pristine condition (ex. Police officers, fire department, and emergency personnel)

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10
Q

Crime scene security measures

A

When the first responders protect the crime scene.

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11
Q

Walk through

A

Preliminary crime survey performed to orient the crime scene investigator to the scene and the physical evidence at the scene.

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12
Q

Crime scene map

A

Use of imaging technology and mapping technology to create virtual layout.

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13
Q

The W’s

A

Who, what, when, where, and why.

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14
Q

Videography

A

Video recording of the crime scene.

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15
Q

Time scene sketch

A

Documented the crime scene in sketches.

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16
Q

Geometric patterns

A
  1. link
  2. line or strip
  3. Grid
  4. Zone
  5. Wheel or Ray
  6. Spiral methods.
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17
Q

Types of sketches

A

Rough and finished sketch.

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18
Q

Techniques used to obtain measurements for the crime scene sketch

A

Triangulation, baseline, and polar coordinates

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19
Q

Crime scene reconstruction

A

Process of determining or eliminating the events that could have occurred at the crime scene.

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20
Q

Process in reconstructing a crime scene

A
  1. Data collection
  2. Conjecture
  3. Hypothesis formulation
  4. Testing
  5. Theory formulation.
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21
Q

Major tasks of documentation

A
  1. Note taking
  2. Videography
  3. Photography
  4. Sketching
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22
Q

Coroner

A

An official who investigates violent, sudden, or suspicious deaths.

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23
Q

Medical examiner

A

A medically qualified public officer whose duty is to investigate deaths occurring under unusual or suspicious circumstances, to preform post mortems, and to initiate inquests.

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24
Q

Forensic pathologist

A

Physicians specializing in the diagnosis of diseases.

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25
Q

Cause of death

A

Disease or injury that initiated the lethal chain of events that led to their death

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26
Q

Mechanism of death

A

Disease or injury that initiated the lethal chain of events that led to their death

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27
Q

Manner of death

A

Defined as the fashion in which the cause of death came to be.

28
Q

NASH

A

Four manners of death: Natural, accidental, suicidal, and homicidal.

29
Q

Rigor mortis

A

Stiffening in muscles following death

30
Q

Livid mortis

A

Discoloration of the body that occurs from settling of red blood cells lucidity becomes fixed, (pressure will not blanch lividity), after about 12 hours it disappears about 36 hours after death.

31
Q

Algor mortis

A

Cooling of the body that occurs after death, assuming the ambient body temperature is lower than body temperature

32
Q

Sudden death

A

A death that occurs within a few hours of the onset of symptoms or death without systems

33
Q

Incised wounds

A

Caused by a clean and sharp-edged object such as a knife, razor, or glass splinter.

34
Q

Autopsy

A

The examination of a corpse to determine the cause of death.

35
Q

Necropsy

A

Examination of a body after death.

36
Q

Inframammary incision

A

Made in the fold where the lower part of the breast meets the chest wall.

37
Q

Types of mechanical trauma

A

Sharp force and blunt force trauma.

38
Q

Sharp forces

A

Caused by sharp implements

39
Q

Blunt force trauma

A

A result from direct contact of a blunt object with a body.

40
Q

Lead snowstorm

A

White fragments of lead around missing tissue.

41
Q

Penetrating gunshot wound

A

An entrance would and no exit wound.

42
Q

Perforating gunshot wounds

A

An entrance and exit wound.

43
Q

Distance determination

A

Distance from the shooter to the victim.

44
Q

Contact/ near-contact wounds

A

Result of close range gunfight, suicide, or execution.

45
Q

Carboxy myoglobin

A

A compound formed from myoglobin on exposure to carbon monoxide.

46
Q

Stippling

A

The creation of a pattern stimulating varying degrees of solidity or shading by using small dots.

47
Q

Distant

A

Any distance beyond that which procedures stippling.

48
Q

Abraded

A

Scraped skin

49
Q

Laceration

A

A cut or tear in the skin that can be caused by blunt force trauma, stretching, or shearing. Could also be caused by a gunshot wound.

50
Q

Hollow- point bullets

A

Handgun bullets that are designed to enlarge their diameter during a passage through tissue. They are common.

51
Q

Asphyxia

A

The interruption of oxygenation of the brain.

52
Q

Carbon monoxide

A

A colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air; toxins to hemoglobin animals.

53
Q

Contusion

A

An accumulation of blood in the tissues outside the blood vessels.

54
Q

Diatoms

A

Small unicellular organisms found in both fresh and salt water around the world.

55
Q

Equivocal death

A

Inquiries that are open to interpretation

56
Q

Hematoma

A

A blood tumor.

57
Q

Hyoid bone

A

A small hotshot shaped bone found in the neck near the base of the jaw.

58
Q

Hyperthermia

A

Body temperature above normal range

59
Q

Hypothermia

A

Body temperature below normal.

60
Q

Ligature

A

A cord-like object that is used to strangle the victim.

61
Q

Manual strangulation

A

Use of the hands in strangulation.

62
Q

Naive consumers

A

A person who doesn’t regularly ingest large amounts of drugs or alcohol.

63
Q

Oxyhemoglobin

A

The form of hemoglobin that binds and transports oxygen.

64
Q

Questionable death

A

A death that was not witnessed.

65
Q

Strap muscles

A

Muscles in the neck.

HOSA forensics (3 decks)

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