Crime - Sanctions Flashcards
Sanction
Punishment/deterrent for committing crime/negative behaviour*
*negative behaviour = a crime, something deviant in society, or both
Formal sanctions - imposed by, and what are the punishments for?
Imposed by official bodies, and are punishments for breaking formal written laws or rules
Informal sanctions - when imposed, and what are the punishments used for?
Imposed when rules aren’t formally written down and perhaps ‘unspoken’; most commonly used for deviant behaviour
Formal sanctions - examples of deviant, criminal and both
Formal for deviant and criminal - Courts for murder
Formal for criminal - speeding fine
Formal for deviant - school excluding student for bullying
Informal Sanctions - examples
Deviant - Parent grounding child
- telling someone off
- showing disapproval
Sanctions for deviance examples (formal and informal)
FORMAL: Fines, sometimes imprisonment
INFORMAL: frowning upon behaviour, name calling, labelling/ignoring behaviour
Sanctions for Crime examples (formal and informal)
FORMAL: Sentences e.g. custodial or community
Fines/discharge at court
INFORMAL: warning, frowning upon behaviour, exclusion from society, name calling
Court Sanctions
Custodial sentences (prison)
Community sentences e.g. curfews, community service, anger mangagement courses
Fines e.g. financial penalty dependant on seriousness of offence and ability to pay
Discharge e.g. conditional (e.g. reoffence = prison); absolute (release immediately)
Non-Court Sanctions
Cautions - low level for first time offending
- offender has to admit offence and agree to be cautioned - not a criminal conviction but can be used as evidence of bad character in a court
Conditional cautions - agreeing to certain conditions and restrictions if violated i.e. charged with the crime
Penalty notices for disorder - D signs penalty notice and agrees to pay amount stated (similar to fine, but no court)
