crime + deviance: realist theories knowledge test

Question 1

What are the 3 causes of crime according to right realists?

Answer 1

-individual biological differences
-inadequate socialisation
-individuals rational choice to offend

Question 2

According to Murray, what is the root cause of a growing underclass?

Answer 2

welfare dependency

Question 3

what is the solution of crime according to right realist?

Answer 3

zero tolerance policy + increase costs of crime

Question 4

what criticism do left realists make against Marxists + Neo-Marxists?

Answer 4

Marxist focus too much on crime of powerful + neglect w/c crime
neo marxists romanticise w/c criminals

Question 5

what are the 3 causes of crime according to left realists?

Answer 5

-relative deprivation
-subculture
-marginalisation

Question 6

what periods represent modernity + late modernity according to Young?

Answer 6

modernity = 1950s + 60s
late modernity = since 1970s

Question 7

what is meant by cultural inclusion + economic exclusion?

Answer 7

n/a

Question 8

what happens to the amount and type of crime in late modernity?

Answer 8

more crimes + more hate crimes

Question 9

what 3 things would left realists do to tackle crime?

Answer 9

-multi agency approach
-deal with structural causes so inequality of opportunity + unfairness of rewards
-need to stop military policing + work in community

Question 10

identify 2 similarities between left + right realism

Answer 10

both see crime as a real problem + fear of crime = rational

Question 11

what political affiliations do we associate with right and left realists?

Answer 11

right = conservatives/ Neo conservatives
left = labour/ reformists socialists