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Sociology Key terms > Crime + Deviance Key Terms > Flashcards

Crime + Deviance Key Terms Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Crime

A

A Law-Breaking behaviour

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2
Q

Deviance

A

A rule-breaking behaviour

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3
Q

Conformity

A

Fitting in and being obedient

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4
Q

Positive sanctions

A

A reward

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5
Q

Negative sanctions

A

A punishment

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6
Q

Formal social control

A

Written rules/ laws= punishment by police or teachers etc

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7
Q

Informal social control

A

Unwritten rules= being casted out of a friend group and gossiped about as punishment

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8
Q

Labelling

A

People are given a label and feel they must live up to it

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9
Q

Crime not Deviance

A

Actions that are illegal but are so common. Like speeding

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10
Q

Relative Deprivation

A

We are wealthy, but we feel poor because of what we see portrayed on TV and want more things

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11
Q

Sub-culture

A

Smaller cultures within a culture

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12
Q

Law enforcement agencies

A

Lawyers, police, judges and anyone else involved in convicting a person of a law break

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13
Q

Masculinity

A

The want to prove you are manly by going to extreme measures such as crime and risk taking

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14
Q

Agencies of social control

A

Individuals or a group attempting to limit/regulate another persons behaviour. Can be family

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15
Q

Anomie

A

A social condition of normlessness

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16
Q

Community sentencing

A

Giving back to the community. Community service

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17
Q

Corporate crime

A

A type of white-collar crime that is for the BENEFIT of the company

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18
Q

Crime rate

A

A measure of change in recorded crime

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19
Q

Crime prevention

A

Formal and informal social control measures

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20
Q

Cybercrime

A

Illegal activities carried out over a computer or network such as internet. Online scams, hacking etc

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21
Q

Dark figure

A

The amount of unreported or undiscovered crime

22
Q

Deterrent

A

How to deter and prevent crime

23
Q

Deviancy amplification

A

That by the media reporting on crimes, it is contributing to more people committing them

24
Q

Deviant career

A

A job that is considered deviant. Strippers, drug dealers (more of a crime), Porn star etc

25
Q

Dominant values

A

Values that limit social sanctions. For example trying to control a society that values personal freedom

26
Q

Exile/Ostracism

A

Banishing someone from their country as a punishment

27
Q

Inadequate socialisation

A

Explaining young peoples involvement in crime. Highlights the negative influence of home environment and failure to socialise their children correctly

28
Q

Internet Crime

A

Cybercime. Using the internet to commit fraudulent activities

29
Q

Judicial system

A

A court system that makes decisions based off the law

30
Q

Juvenile Delinquency

A

Wrong doing by a child or young person below the age of 18

31
Q

Master status

A

The social position a person holds

32
Q

Material Deprivation

A

The inability to access or afford resources and services. A person may commit robbery etc in order to get this

33
Q

Moral panic

A

an irrational fear spread and exaggerated by the media

34
Q

Official crime statistics

A

Crime data primarily gathered by the police

35
Q

Peer group

A

Your friends. They may encourage you to commit a crime

36
Q

Penal system

A

The legal punishment for crimes

37
Q

Policing

A

Aims to maintain social order and enforces the law

38
Q

Rehabilitation

A

Applying treatment and training to a person who has committed a crime in order to return to society

39
Q

Rewards

A

Can be praise, recognition, attention, or acceptance

40
Q

Self-report study

A

Where the participants record answers

41
Q

Socialisation

A

Process where people become members of society

42
Q

Sociological explanation

A

Explaining why people commit crimes through theories

43
Q

Status frustration

A

Explains why working-class males commit crimes as a reaction towards a higher, more successful class than them such as the middle-class

44
Q

Stereotyping

A

Labelling theory which says that agents of social control stereotype the powerless as deviant based off stereotypical assumptions

45
Q

Stigma

A

A behaviour or reputation which leads people to be seen as tainted to others

46
Q

Surveillance

A

Security cameras, patrol etc

47
Q

Targeting

A

Criminals will target easy places/people to commit their crimes upon.

48
Q

urban crime

A

Criminal activities occurring in cities and urban areas

49
Q

Victim surveys

A

Surveying the victims

50
Q

White-collar crime

A

Non-violent crime that is typically money-motivated and is committed by a person with high social status

51
Q

Youth culture/ sub culture

A

Younger people who share the same interests or culture

Sociology Key terms (4 decks)

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