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RS > Crime and Punishment > Flashcards

Crime and Punishment Flashcards

1
Q

Define law.

A

A rule imposed on society with the aim of protecting its citizens and maintaining order.

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2
Q

Define crime.

A

An action which is an offence / Illegal/ in breach of the law.

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3
Q

What is indictable crime?

A

Severe crime such as murder, rape and robbery, that are tried in a crown court.

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4
Q

What is non-indictable crime?

A

Less serious crimes such as drug use, shop lifting and vandalism.

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5
Q

Define punishment.

A

The infliction of a penalty for committing an offence / breaking the law.

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6
Q

What is crime against the person?

A

Crimes that physically harm an individual such as murder, rape or assault.

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7
Q

What is crime against property?

A

Crimes that abuse a person’s property such as vandalism, theft or trespassing.

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8
Q

What is crime against the state?

A

Terrorism, tax avoidance, espionage etc…

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9
Q

Give some examples of reasons that people commit crime.

A

Self defense, revenge, mental disorder, fear or blackmail, low income, greed or desperation, peer pressure, for power, bad family influences, to stand up for beliefs, because of drug or alcohol influence, crimes of passion, boredom or fun…

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10
Q

What is mediation?

A

Counseling or mental help.

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11
Q

What is injunction?

A

Stopping someone from doing something.

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12
Q

What are the aims of punishment?

A

Vindication, reparation, rehabilitation, reformation, retribution, protection.

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13
Q

What is vindication?

A

Enforcing that the law must be respected.

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14
Q

What is reparation?

A

Paying someone back for harming them in some way

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15
Q

What is rehabilitation?

A

Helping somebody become a functioning member of society again.

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16
Q

What is reformation?

A

Changing someone, making them rethink their beliefs or feel guilt.

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17
Q

What is retribution?

A

Achieving a sense of justice or revenge, making someone suffer.

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18
Q

What is deterrence?

A

Stopping people from wanting to commit crime in the first place.

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19
Q

What are the advantages of the prison system?

A

It protects society from criminals and the criminals from society and each other, offers prisoners opportunities for reformation and rehabilitation and takes away enough privilege to act as a proper deterrent without violating human rights.

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20
Q

What are the disadvantages of the prison system?

A

It can be too gentle or even pleasant so people see it as the easy option over having to fend for themselves, it costs taxpayers a lot, prisoners families can suffer as a side effect and there is a lot of crime both inside and after release from prison.

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21
Q

How much does it cost to keep someone in prison?

A

Around £37000 per prisoner every year.

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22
Q

What percentage of prisoners re-offend after being released?

A

50%

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23
Q

What are the arguments for capital punishment?

A

It achieves retribution, stops re-offending, provides closure or vindication for the victims and acts as a strong deterrent.

24
Q

What are the arguments against capital punishment?

A

People have a basic right to life and life is too valuable to be wasted, if mistakes are made there is no going back, the death penalty serves for revenge, not justice and it is hypocritical to fight killing with killing.

25
Q

What did Archbishop Desmond Tutu (Anglican bishop) say about the death penalty?

A

“To take a life when a life has been lost is revenge, it is not justice.”

26
Q

What is the age of criminal responsibility?

A

10

27
Q

What is the story told in Genesis 3?

A

The story of the original sin- Adam and Eve disobey God and he severely punishes them by making them mortal, making Eve compliant to Adam, making childbirth painful and making farming difficult.

28
Q

What happens in John 8 and what does Jesus say?

A

A woman commits adultery and is about to be stoned Jesus says “Let any one of you who is without sin be the first to throw a stone at her.”

29
Q

What is the famous quote from Exodus 21?

A

an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a foot

30
Q

Matthew 5

A

In which book does Jesus say to ‘do away with an eye for an eye” and “turn the other cheek”?

31
Q

Genesis 9

A

In which bible book is it said that “whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed”?

32
Q

Religiously, how do Buddhists believe that ‘sinners’ will be punished?

A

Buddhists believe in karma- that good or bad actions will result in good or bad fortune in the next life.

33
Q

What do Buddhists believe about social punishment?

A

Buddhists believe in protection but not retribution- they believe in loving and kindness not cruel punishment. They believe reformation is the most effective aim of punishment and believe in reparation to restore good Karma.

34
Q

What do Buddhists believe about the death penalty?

A

Buddhist are fundamentally against the taking of life, however some Buddhist countries still practice the death penalty.

35
Q

What is metta?

A

Loving kindness.

36
Q

What is karuna?

A

Compassion.

37
Q

What is the first Buddhist precept?

A

‘I undertake to abstain from taking life’

38
Q

What is the Jewish belief about heaven and hell?

A

People who sin spend 12 months in hell while their soul is cleansed.

39
Q

In which bible book is it said ‘A man reaps what he sows’

A

Galatians 6

40
Q

What do Christians believe about social punishment?

A

Most Christians are against retribution but believe in both punishment and forgiveness. They work to undo bad conditions that may cause crime and support reformation.

41
Q

What is the Christian attitude towards the death penalty?

A

Some Christians support the death penalty whilst others are against it. there is a lot of contradiction in the bible about whether or not it is wrong.

42
Q

What is the Muslim belief on religious punishment?

A

In Islam the word for hell is Jahannam, where sinners are punished based on the type and severity of their crime in different levels of Jahannam.

43
Q

In Islam what is considered the worst and most severely punished crime?

A

Hypocrisy.

44
Q

What are the Muslim beliefs on social punishment?

A

Muslim’s are strong believers in law and order, enforced through harsh punishment, including public humiliation and corporal punishment. Punishment in Islam societies is designed to deter people from crime and to vindicate the law.

45
Q

In Islam, what are beliefs on capital punishment?

A

In most Muslim countries the death penalty is supported in cases of murder, or someone attacking Islam or converting to another religion.

46
Q

What is the quote about punishment from the Qur’an 17:33?

A

“If anyone is killed unjustly, we have granted the right of retribution to his heir.

47
Q

What is community service?

A

Unpaid work that an offender performs for the benefit of society.

48
Q

Define corruption.

A

Dishonesty or misuse of authority, often leading to the accumulation of wealth

49
Q

Define justice.

A

Bringing about what is fair and right according to the law, or making up for what has been done wrong.

50
Q

What is ‘parole’?

A

When a prisoner is released without having completed their sentence because they have behaved well and accepted their guilt.

51
Q

Biblical examples of crime and punishment.

A 
The Fall (Adam and Eve)
Noah's arc
52
Q

Biblical story that preaches forgiveness and humility and condemns hypocrisy.

A

A woman is caught in adultery, and is sentenced to stoning. When Jesus is asked what should be done says ‘if any one of you is without sin, let him be the first to throw a stone at her’. Nobody condemns her and Jesus instructs her to go forth but leave her life of sin. -John 8

53
Q

Biblical story that preaches never ending forgiveness.

A

‘Peter came to Jesus and asked “Lord, if my brother keeps sinning against me, how many times should I forgive him? 7 times?”
“No, not 7 times, but 70 times 7” Matthew 18

54
Q

The lords prayer on forgiveness.

A

“Forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us.”

55
Q

Biblical passage supporting capital punishment.

A

Whoever sheds the blood of man, by man shall his blood be shed- Genesis 9

56
Q

Bible reference for the 10 commandments.

A

Exodus 20

57
Q

Muslim quote to promote retribution.

A

If a man is slain unjustly, his heir shall be entitled to satisfaction.

RS (9 decks)

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