crime and deviance

Question 1

what is crime

Answer 1

something that breaks the law

Question 2

what is deviance

Answer 2

something that goes against societal norms and values that many disapprove of

Question 3

what does durkheim argue

Answer 3

that crime is functional and serves a purpose

Question 4

what are the 4 functions crime serves according to durkheim

Answer 4

boundary maintenance, safety valve, warning light and social change

Question 5

what is boundary maintenance

Answer 5

when society comes together against the wrongdoer reinforcing societies norms and values

Question 6

what is the safety valve of crime

Answer 6

crime is a relatively harmless way of expressing discontent

Question 7

what is the warning light

Answer 7

shows that something within society isn’t working

Question 8

what is social change

Answer 8

when individuals go against existing norms and values, will be seen as deviance first

Question 9

what is an example of social change

Answer 9

LGBTQ+

Question 10

durkheim evaluation (2)

Answer 10

doesnt specify how much crime is enough
crime has negatives, victims would not agree that crime is positive

Question 11

what crime does Davis speak on

Answer 11

prostitution

Question 12

how is prostitution a positive according to Davis

Answer 12

as men can release their sexual frustration on other women without threatening the nuclear family

Question 13

evaluation of Davis (2)

Answer 13

1. outdated
2. prostitution has many negatives such as objectifying women, forcing women, women being sex trafficked etc.

Question 14

how is pornography a positive according to Polsky

Answer 14

pornography safely ‘channels’ a variety of sexual desires away from alternatives such as adultery

Question 15

what is an evaluation of polsky (2)

Answer 15

1. porn can be harmful to children
2. get the wrong idea of sex, most sex on porn is violent

Question 16

what does erikson argue

Answer 16

police are actually designed to create and maintain crime rather than stop it

Question 17

what is an example of erikson’s point

Answer 17

stop and search and speeding

Question 18

what is an evaluation of erikson (1)

Answer 18

many police would argue they do want to reduce crime, professionalism

Question 19

what are some examples in which society encourages and accepts deviance

Answer 19

university- partying and doing drugs etc
festivals- drugs
football matches- rowdiness and yelling

Question 20

who argues about strain theory

Answer 20

Robert Merton

Question 21

what is strain theory

Answer 21

the belief that society is strained for the ‘American dream’ and how members of society will try and reach their goal

Question 22

what are the five reactions to strain theory

Answer 22

conformists, innovators, ritualists, rebels and retreatists

Question 23

what is a conformist

Answer 23

accepts both the goals and the legitimate means

Question 24

what is an innovator

Answer 24

accepts the goals but rejects the means and turns to crime

Question 25

what is a ritualist

Answer 25

rejects the goals but accepts the means (for example going sixth form just because you think its the right thing to do)

Question 26

what is a retreatist

Answer 26

rejects both the goals and the means, dropping out of society (normally turning to drugs)

Question 27

what is a rebel

Answer 27

wants to change and challenge both existing norms and goals

Question 28

what is an evaluation of merton (2)

Answer 28

only explains utilitarian crime (crime with monetary gain)
ignores crime of the rich

Question 29

who argues about status frustration

Answer 29

A.K Cohen