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Neuroscience > cresyl violet > Flashcards

cresyl violet Flashcards

1
Q

what is cresyl violet

A

a synthetic dye

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2
Q

what type of staining is cresyl violet

A

a type of nissl staining

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3
Q

what does cresyl violet stain

A

cell bodies in neuronal tissues

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4
Q

what is the nissl body

A

rough ER

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5
Q

what are nissl granules

A

ribosomes

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6
Q

what does cresyl violet bind

A

RNA

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7
Q

why does cresyl violet bind RNA

A

RNA is acidic and basophilic so it binds basic dyes

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8
Q

uses for cresyl violet

A

identify the tract of an elctrode or canula. 2. identify a lesioned area of the brain

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9
Q

what is a type of staining that stains myelin

A

luxol fast blue

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10
Q

what does a golgi stain stain and what does it use to stain

A

uses silver nitrate to stain whole neurons. BUT it only stains some neurons

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11
Q

what did the golgi stain inspire

A

neuron doctrine

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12
Q

what is the method for cresyl violet staining

A 
wash sections in distilled water
submerge in cresyl violet stain 
rinse
dehydrate in a series of alcohol baths with increasing concentration 
clear tissue with xylene or histoclear 
coverslip 
observe with bright field microscopy
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13
Q

what did we use to clear the tissue

A

histoclear

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14
Q

what does histoclear do

A

removes fats

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15
Q

what mounting medium did we use for cresyl violet staining

A

permount mounting medium

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16
Q

what are bregma and lambda

A

landmarks on the skull based on the fusion of skull bone plates

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17
Q

is bregma or lambda more rostral

A

bregma

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18
Q

what do we use bregma for

A

to locate different brain regions

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19
Q

is the measurement rostral of bregma positive or negative

A

positive

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20
Q

which layer of the cortex is most external

A

1

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21
Q

how many layers of the cortex are there

A

6

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22
Q

which layers of the corte can we see on the rat brain

A

1 and 4

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23
Q

what are the sheets of tissue we see in the hippocampus called

A

dentate gyrus (DG) and Cornu Ammonis/ ammons horn (CA)

24
Q

what are neural circuits in the hippocampus studied for

A

long term potentionat (LTP) and long term depression (LDP)

25
Q

what are LTP and LDP important for

A

learning and memory

26
Q

what is the pathway of information flow in the hippocampus

A
  1. entorhinal cortex via perforant path
  2. mossy fibers of dentate gyrus
  3. CA3 pyramidal cells
  4. fornix or pyramidal cells of CA1 via schaffer collaterals
27
Q

what are the subnuclei of the thalamus (4)

A
  1. ventral posterior nucleus
  2. ventral lateral nucleus
  3. lateral geniculate nucleus
  4. medial geniculate nucleus
28
Q

function of the VPN (ventral posterior nucleus)

A

somatosensory relay

29
Q

where does the VPN project

A

post-central gyrus (primary somatosensory cortex)

30
Q

function of VLN (ventral lateral nucleus)

A

motor

31
Q

where does VLN project

A

precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex)

32
Q

LGN function

A

visual thalamus

33
Q

MGN function

A

hearing

34
Q

anterior hypothalamus subnuclei (3)

A
  1. suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
  2. Supraoptic nucleus (SON)
  3. Paraventricular nucleus (PVN)
35
Q

function of the SCN (suprchiasmatic nucleus)

A

biological clock

36
Q

where is the SCN located

A

abovve the optic chiasm (more medial ) and ventral

37
Q

function of the SON (supraoptic nucleus)

A

water and salt balance

38
Q

i

A

p

39
Q

function of PVN (paraventricular nucleus )

A

autonomic and neuroendocrine funtion

bridge between neuro and endocrine system, controls pituitary

40
Q

where is PVN located

A

more dorsal and medial

41
Q

posterior hypothalamic nuclei (3)

A
  1. ventromedial nucleus (VMH)
  2. Arcuate nucleus (arc)
  3. Dorsomedial nucleus (DMH)
42
Q

function of VMH (ventromedial nucleus)

A

feeding

43
Q

function of Arc (Arcuate Nucleus)

A

feeding, growth hormone regulation

44
Q

function of DMH (dorsomedial nucleus)

A

feeding, drinking, circadian activity

45
Q

placement of posterior hypothalamic nuclei dorsal to ventral

A

DMH
VMH
Arc

46
Q

lesions to what area of the brain causes pancake rat

A

VMH (ventromedial nucleus)

47
Q

caudate putamen function

A

voluntary movement

48
Q

what is diff about caudate putamen in rat

A

they are not separate structures

49
Q

Nucleus accumbens function

A

motivation/aversion/reward/reinforcement behaviors

50
Q

what neurotransmitter is involved with the nucleus accumbens

A

dopamine

51
Q

function of septum (NOTE this is not the septum pellucidum)

A

pleasure center

52
Q

how many amygdala nuclei are there

A

4

53
Q

function of amygdala

A

fear learning and emotional behavior

54
Q

piriform corte function

A

olfaction

55
Q

how many layers in the pyriform cortex

A

3

Neuroscience (6 decks)

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