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Toxicology CT 1 > Credit test 1 > Flashcards

Credit test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The typical clinical signs of methemoglobinemia are:
a) Icterus, vomiting
b) Anaemia, tympany
c) Salivation, pruritus
d) Cyanosis, dyspnoe, anoxic convulsions

A

d) Cyanosis, dyspnoe, anoxic convulsions

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2
Q

Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2) is used as
a) Fungicide
b) Rodenticide
c) Disinfectant
d) Algicide

A

b) Rodenticide

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3
Q

Which symptom on pupil is manifested in atropine intoxication?
a) Mydriasis
b) Miosis
c) Ptosis
d) Endophthalmia

A

a) Mydriasis

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4
Q

Blood samples for the chemical-toxicological analysis are preserved by
a) Neutral formalin
b) Only freezing without chemicals
c) 40% formaldehyde solution
d) Sulfuric acid

A

b) Only freezing without chemicals

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5
Q

The specifications of sampling in fish intoxication are (3 point):

A
  • Take the whole dead fish
  • 1 l of intoxicated water
  • Map of intoxicated area
  • Samples from above and below intoxicated area
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6
Q

The positive result in the determination of mercury without sample adjustment is
a) The filter-paper soaked in AgNO3 turns black
b) The coating, similar to hoard frost, is created on the aluminum wire
c) The filter-paper soaked in Pb(CH3COO)2 turns black
d) The crystal of AgNO3 turns yellow, later black

A

b) The coating, similar to hoard frost, is created on the aluminum wire

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7
Q

Which substance is determined by the Gutzeit’s reaction?
a) Copper
b) Iron
c) Lead
d) Arsenic

A

d) Arsenic

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8
Q

Venous blood with higher concentration of H2S is
a) Grey or black colour
b) Dark brown, chocolate colour
c) Bright red colour
d) Green colour

A

a) Grey or black colour

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9
Q

Iron creates with sodium carbonate
a) Black precipitate
b) White precipitate – later turns brown
c) Red precipitate
d) Yellow precipitate

A

c) Red precipitate

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10
Q

Red precipitate is created by the reaction of
a) Lead with sodium carbonate
b) Zinc with ammonium sulfide
c) Mercury with potassium iodine
d) Lead with diluted sulfuric acid

A

c) Mercury with potassium iodine

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11
Q

Excess circulating MtHb is efficiently reconverted into reduced hemoglobin by the
a) Cholinesterase
b) Intraerythrocytary methemoglobin reductase
c) Lactate dehydrogenase
d) Urease

A

b) Intraerythrocytary methemoglobin reductase

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12
Q

Hemoglobin with carbon monoxide creates:

A

Carboxyhaemoglobin HbCO
Extra: Methemoglobin with carbon monoxide: Carbocymethaemoglobin (MtHbCO)

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13
Q

Methemoglobinemia is treated by the application of methylene blue ed i.v. at the dose of
a) 100 mg/kg b.w
b) 1-2 mg/kg b.w
c) 55 mg/kg b.w
d) 10-20 mg/kg b.w

A

b) 1-2 mg/kg b.w

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14
Q

Ethyleneglycol creates the colorless crystals of ……….. in the urine
a) Magnesium ammonium phosphate
b) Calcium oxadate
c) Uric acid
d) Sulphur

A

b) Calcium oxadate

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15
Q

The concentration of MtHb in blood is determined by
a) Polarographic method
b) Spectrophotometric method
c) Chromatographic method
d) Ion-selective electrode

A

b) Spectrophotometric method

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16
Q

The body and breath of animals intoxicated by cyanides smell like
a) Garlic
b) Gasoline
c) Bitter almonds
d) Pear

A

c) Bitter almonds

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17
Q

Three main routes of exposure to noxa are as follows

A
  • Per cutis – Through skin
  • Per inhalationem - By inhalation
  • Per os – With food and drink
18
Q

Chemical-toxicological analysis consists of these 3 steps
a) ?
b) Purification
c) Detection

A

a) Extraction

19
Q

The methods of detection of the toxic substance are (name min 4 methods)

A
  • Spectophotometry
  • Chromatography
  • Clinical methods
  • Atomic absorbance spectophotometry
  • Heat emission
20
Q

Diagnosis of intoxication consists of 5 steps:
a) Anemnesis (history)
b) Clinical symptomology
c) Pathological-anatomical changes (postmorten picture)
d) ?
e) Biological experiment

A

d) Chemical-toxicological analysis CHTA

21
Q

Sulphhemoglobin is formed after exposure to:
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Hydrogen sulphide
c) Nitrite
d) Paracetamolum

A

b) Hydrogen sulphide

22
Q

The normal value of methemoglobin in animal organism is:
a) 1-2%
b) 7-10%
c) 1-5%
d) 10-20%

A

c) 1-5% (3% +/- 2%)

23
Q

Carboxyhemoglobin is formed after exposure to:
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Hydrogen sulphide
c) Nitrite
d) Paracetamolum

A

a) Carbon monoxide

24
Q

Zinc phosphide (Zn3P2) is determined:
a) from water extract
b) without sample adjustment
c) after mineralization
d) by ion-selective electrode

A

b) without sample adjustment

25
Q

Determination of MtHb-percentage in blood is done by:
a) polarography
b) ion-selective electrode
c) gas chromatography
d) spectrophotometric method

A

d) spectrophotometric method

26
Q

Excess circulating MtHb is efficiently reconverted into reduced hemoglobin by the:
1. cholinesterase
2. intraerythrocytary methemoglobin reductase
3. lactate dehydrogenase
4. urease

A
  1. intraerythrocytary methemoglobin reductase
27
Q

Chemical/toxicological analysis (CHTA) consists of 3 steps:
a) ?
b) Purification
c) Detection

A

a) Extraction

28
Q

The normal concentration of urea in milk is?

A

2-7 mmol/l

29
Q

Urea concentration in milk, serum and food is determined by?

A

Spectrophotometric method

30
Q

Write down the therapy in methemoglobinemia poisoning:

A

Methylene blue

31
Q

Can the samples for Chemical-toxicological (CHTA) be preserved with chemicals?

A

No

32
Q

Supermethrin is used as?

A

Insecticide

33
Q

NaCl is determined from?

A

Water extract

34
Q

What system detoxicate MtHb to Hb in the organism?

A

MtHb reduction system is by MtHb reductase

35
Q

Reinisch tests for determination of?

A

Mercury

36
Q

How toxic substances might be determined ? after this adjustment?

A

a. Water extract
b. Extraction with organic solvent
c. Steam distillation
d. Mineralisation

37
Q

PCB is determined by?

A

GC - Gas Chromatography

38
Q

What is the definition of poison used by Svaga (1960) ?

A

Poison is every chemical substance qualitatively and quantitatively, different from the organism and it’s harmful for the chemical or physical aspects

39
Q

Which colour indicator is specific to qualitative determination of NO2?

A

Griess-illosway indicator

40
Q

The methods of extraxtion of poisons from biological samples are as follows:

A
  • Water extract
  • Organic solvent extraction
  • Steam distillation
  • Mineralization

Consider every sample to be infectious one, preserve sample only by cooling (no chemicals), avoid contamination of samples with antiseptics (soaps, dirt, hair ..), samples should be divided into equal portions, pack every sample separately into the plastic bags or bottles

Toxicology CT 1 (4 decks)

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