Creative Writing Flashcards
the art of making things up; leads to the artistic phenomenon of creating things; uses language in imaginative and bold ways.
Creative Writing
derived from your imaginations
Fictional
reality
Non-Fictional
refers to the oral, written, auditory, and visual language proficiency required to
learn effectively in schools and academic programs;
Academic Language
Informal, Personal, Use of slang, and Repetitive
Social Language
structured and backed up by evidence.
Academic Writing
Three purposes of academic writing?
- To inform
- To argue a specific point
- To persuade
is a reading material that provides information which includes concepts and theories
that are related to the specific discipline.
Academic Text
these can be technical reports like research reports, laboratory reports, feasibility
reports, case study reports, etc.
Informative Text
to convince the reader to agree with the author’s perspective about the issue.
Persuasive Text
purpose of these texts is to elicit a response that matches the author’s own or to
affect the reader, invoking feelings of rejection or sympathy for the subject matter.
Argumentative Text
8 things that academic writing has
- Topic
- Purpose
- Audience
- Experts
- Semi Experts
- Non Experts
- Point of View
- Tone
4 Reading Strategies for Academic Texts
- Preview
- Read
- Summarize
- Review
refers to the form or style of expression in words
Language
use of the actual meaning of words and phrases in their exact sense.
Literal Language
deviates from the conventional order and meaning in
order to convey a complicated meaning.
Figurative Language
engages the reader’s interest; also called as mental pictures
Sensory Details
descriptive language to create mental images
Imagery
sense of sight
Visual Imagery
sense of hearing
Auditory Imagery
sense of smell
Olfactory Imagery
sense of taste
Gustatory Imagery
sense of touch
Tactile Imagery
technique used in various kinds of texts to allow the reader to experience the story through senses.
Show don’t tell
decision you make will determine the success of your writing.
Making Choices
sensory details draw readers into the world of literature, so use imagery whenever you
want readers to see, smell, hear, taste, or touch elements of your literary piece.
Applications
any technique used to help the author achieve his or her purpose
Literary Devices
uses the same sounds at the beginning of words in a sentence or title
Ex.
Purple potions perform positively.
Alliteration
references a person, place, thing, or event in the real world.
Ex.
Is there an Einstein in your class?
Allusion
refers to the identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels
in neighboring words.
Ex.
“I must confess that in my quest I felt depressed and restless.”
Assonance
deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect.
Ex.
I’m not afraid to die. I’m not afraid to live. I’m not afraid to fail. I’m not afraid to succeed. I’m not afraid to fall in love. I’m not afraid to be alone. I’m just afraid I might have to stop talking about myself
for five minutes.
Anaphora
form of wordplay that allows the writer to infuse mystery and a little interactive fun in the
writing so that the reader can decipher the actual word on their own
Ex.
Mother-in-law = Hitler Woman
Anagram
style of speaking or writing determined by the choice of words by speaker or a writer.
Diction
used in formal situations such as press conferences, presentations etc.
Formal Diction
when your characters are speaking directly to everyday people.
Informal Diction
commonly used for a younger audience and includes newly coined words or phrases.
Slang Diction
when words that are used in everyday life are written.
Colloquial Diction
word or phrase that possesses a separate meaning from its literal definition.
Figures of Speech
comparing two things using the word “like” or “as”.
Ex.
Your voice is like music to my ears.
Simile
uses the direct comparison of two, unlike things or ideas. Doesn’t use “as” or “like”
Ex.
He is a tiger when he fights.
Metaphor
gives human traits to inanimate objects or ideas.
Ex.
The tree is dancing
Personification
a direct address to someone absent, dead, or inanimate.
Ex.
Seven, you are my lucky number!
Apostrophe
substitutes a word that closely relates to a person or a thing.
Ex.
Lend me your ear
Metonymy
uses a part to represent a whole.
Ex.
Jacob has got some new wheel after earning money in just a month.
Synecdoche
makes use of exaggeration for emphasis and effect.
Ex.
I will give you the whole world.
Hyperbole
a contrast between what is said and what is meant.
Ex.
“What a pleasant day!” but it is raining heavily.
Irony
involves a contrast of words or ideas.
Ex.
Speech is silver but silence is gold.
Antithesis
uses a phrase or statement that on the surface seems contradictor but makes some kind of emotional sense.
Ex.
My weakness is my strength
Paradox
makes a deliberate understatement used to affirm by negating its opposite.
Ex.
I cannot disagree with your point of view.
Litotes
putting two contradictory terms in one statement.
Ex.
Beautiful disaster
Oxymoron
word that sounds like what it means. Focuses on sounds
Ex.
Bang of the drum
Onomatopoeia
considered the oldest form of literature; attempts to recreate emotions and experiences in a specific form.
Poetry
According to this person, painting is silent poetry (creation), and poetry is painting that speaks—the observer of the painting receives the message of the act based on its individual criteria, his/ her personal experience and knowledge.
Plutarch
poetry language arranged in
Lines or verses
central idea or message in a poem
Theme
attitude a writer takes toward the subject.
Tone
what the work is about
Subject
group of lines that form a unit of poetry.
Stanza
two - line stanza
Couplet
three-line stanza
Tercet
four-line stanza
Quatrains
five-line stanza
Quintet
six-line stanza
Sester
seven-line stanza
Septet
eight-line stanza
Octave
nine-line stanza
Spenserian
use of figures of speech that create sounds and melody
Sound
refers to the pattern or beat of stressed and unstressed syllable in a line of poetry.
Rhythm
a language that communicates ideas beyond the literal
meanings.
Figurative Language
character taken
on by a poet to speak in a first-person poem.
Persona
Means mask or character
Persona
poetic form that adheres to a definite verse structure or set of characteristics; fixed rhyme and metrical pattern all throughout the poem are strictly observed
Conventional or Tradition Poetry
reiteration of a regular rhythmic unit in a line of poetry
Meter
Each unit of meters
is known as _____
Foot
1 unstressed + 1 stressed
Lambic
1 stressed + 1 unstressed
Trochaic
1 stressed + 1 stressed
Spondaic
2 unstressed + 1 stressed
Anapestic
1 stressed + 2 unstressed
Dactylic
One foot
Monometer
Two feet
Dimeter
Three feet
Trimeter
Four feet
Tetrameter
Five feet
Pentameter
Six feet
Hexameter
Seven feet
Heptameter
Eight feet
Octometer
repetition of similar sounding words usually at the end of lines in poem.
Rhyme
Rhymes that occur at
the end of lines of poetry is called
End rhyme
The pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem
is called
Rhyme Scheme
ancient form of Japanese poetry; follows a syllabic pattern of 5-7-5, respectively, with nature as its traditional subject.
Haiku
is recognized as Japanese haiku master.
Matsuo Bashō
poetic form which originated in Italy, consisting of 14 lines that traditionally follows a strict
rhyme scheme and specific structure, with love as its subject.
Sonnet
traditionally written from the point of a man longing for a woman to return
his love.
Petrarchan Sonnet
also known as English sonnet. It consists of 14 lines divided into three four lines (quatrain), and the final two lines (couplet).
Shakespearean Sonnet
indigenous type of Filipino poem consisting of four lines with each line consisting of seven syllables
Tanaga
does not follow or contain regular patterns of rhyme and meter.
Free Verse
is placed where a natural
pause occurs within a line
Line Breaks
the continuation of a sentence or clause over a line-break.
Enjambment
explores and emphasizes innovation in writing poetry.
Experimental Poetry
referred to as ‘Concrete Poetry’, is a type of poetry written in such a way that the lines
form a pattern, usually related to the subject matter.
Visual Poetry
type of art that involves the creative arrangement of texts.
Typography
type of visual poetry expresses poems, from the name itself, in the shape of an altar.
Altar Poetry
a poem that is shaped like the thing it describes.
Shape Poetry
variation of concrete poetry where the first letter of each stanza spells out the title of
the poem or any significant word such as name.
Acrostic Poetry
author’s use of descriptive and vivid language in such a way that it appeals to the reader’s physical senses
Imagery
use of the same keyword or phrase throughout the poem.
Repetition
phrase, line, or group of lines repeated at intervals throughout a poem,
Refrain
use of a word or image that signifies something else other than what it literally represents.
Symbolism
attracts a broad audience and may also fall into any subgenre,
Commercial Fiction
stories are about a romantic relationship between two people.
Romance
genre incorporates any story set in the future, the past, or other dimensions.
Science Fiction
character in jeopardy dominates these stories.
Suspense/Thriller
story that puts the protagonist in physical danger, characterized by thrilling near misses, and courageous and daring feats, belongs to this genre.
Action Adventure
specifically set in the old American West.
Westerns
high-pitched scary stories involving pursuit and escape. The protagonist must overcome supernatural or demonic beings.
Horror/Paranormal/Ghost
tends to appeal to a smaller, more intellectually adventurous audience.
Literary Fiction
fiction, or untrue, story. A story that has believable events and characteristics that could actually happen in real life.
Realistic Fiction
mix of fiction and historical facts. Based on historical events, but the story is
mostly untrue
Historical Fiction
the story couldn’t happen in real life. Typically involves magic or supernatural powers
Fantasy
fiction story based on a mysterious event or a crime
Mysteries
stories that are typically passed down from generation
Traditional Literature
these stories typically have a theme of good vs. evil and typically have a happy
ending
Fairytales
these short stories often have animals as characters and teach a moral, or lesson
Fables
these stories often exaggerate characteristics of a person that makes them notable
Legends
similar to comic books in that they use art, and text, in sequence to tell a story
Graphic Novels
atmosphere of a piece of writing; it’s the emotions a selection arouses in a reader.
Mood
art of layering clues to build tension.
Foreshadowing
defined as any recurring image, object, idea, or element within a particular work.
Motif
The key difference to note between motifs and symbols is the element of
Repetition
refers to a textual representation of a human being (or occasionally another creature).
Character
is the central agent in generating
Protagonist
is the character or force in conflict with the protagonist.
Antagonist
is a complex, fully developed character, often prone to change.
Round Character
is a one-dimensional character, typically not central to the story. They have only one or two personality traits.
Flat Character
undergo some type of change or development in the story.
Dynamic Characters
do not change in the course of the story.
Static Characters
how the character acts or behaves throughout the story.
Action
what types of clothes the character wears. His/her hygiene.
Appearance
what the character says and how the character says it.
Dialogue
by what the character thinks and feels.
Thoughts and Reaction
types of personal relationships, such as friends and acquaintances the character has.
Relationships
angle or perspective from which the story is told.
Point of View
the very heart of the story may lie in the difference between what the narrator
perceives and what the reader perceives.
First Person
author or narrator tells the story, using the third person; knows all and is free to tell us anything
Third Person Omniscient
limits her/himself to a complete knowledge of one character in the story and tells us only what
that one-character thinks, feels, sees, or hears
Third Person Limited
author disappears into a kind of roving sound camera that can go anywhere but can record only what is seen or heard; the author is not there to explain
Third Person Objective
structure of the action of a story.
Plot
setting the scene. The writer introduces the characters and setting,
Exposition
something happens to begin the action.
Inciting Incident
the story builds and gets more exciting.
Rising Action
the moment of greatest tension in a story.
Climax
events happen as a result of the climax and we know that the story will soon end.
Falling Action
the character solves the main problem/conflict or someone solves it for him or her.
Resolution
the ending. At this point, any remaining secrets, questions or mysteries which remain after the resolution are solved by the characters or explained by the author.
Dénouement
are specific place, time period, and weather and time of day in which the story takes place.
Setting
refers to the surrounding mood, generally established through setting.
Atmosphere
this relates to broad categories such as a country, state, region, city, and town.
Locale
richly evocative and influential in fiction.
Time of Year
the minutes, hours, days, weeks, and months a story encompasses.
Elapsed Time
linked to the geography and topography of a place
Climate
this refers to specific aspects of water, landforms, ecosystems, and topography in your setting.
Geography
important events, wars, or historical periods linked to the plot.
Eras of Historical Importance
inherent incompatibility or struggle between the goals of two or more characters or forces.
Conflict
this type of conflict occurs when a character finds themselves pitted against the
forces of nature.
Person vs. Nature
this type of conflict occurs when one-character struggles with another character.
Person vs. Person
this type of conflict occurs when a character disagrees with societal values, laws,
or beliefs.
Person vs. Society
this type of conflict
involves a character who faces an inner struggle.
Person vs. Himself/Herself
