Creation of Law

Question 1

Judicial Review

Answer 1

The power that judges have to review their decisions of government and other decision makers, checking that they have acted within their legal powers

Question 2

Parliamentary Sovereignty

Answer 2

A principle of the UK constitution which makes parliament the supreme legal authority in the UK, with the power to create or end any law. No parliament can pass laws that bind future parliaments. Although membership of the EU and the Human Rights Act 1998 have placed limitations on parliament sovereignty, they have not undermined the principle as parliament could repeal the Acts which brought about these changes at any time

Question 3

Parliament

Answer 3

The Legislature of the UK comprising of the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Crown, The Queen, Has certain formal roles such as opening Parliament and giving Royal Assent to Bills

Question 4

The Judiciary

Answer 4

The Judges. The Role of Judges is to apply the law to decide the cases bought before them un court. They have the power to review decisions of government ministers and other decision makers to check they have acted within their legal powers. this process is called judicial review

Question 5

The Executive

Answer 5

The government ministers from the political party who won the general election- they make decisions and run the country.

Question 6

Separation of Powers

Answer 6

The Doctrine that the liberty of the individual can be protected only if the three main functions for the state are exercised by distinct and independent organs, the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.

Question 7

The organs of government

Answer 7

These are made up of the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.

Question 8

Secondary Sources of Law

Answer 8

Delegated Legislation. Law made by government minister or other body under powers given to them by a statute

Question 9

Primary Sources of Law

Answer 9

An act of parliament

Question 10

Green Paper

Answer 10

Government proposals for the creation of a new act are initially published in a document with sets out the problems with the current law on a particular issue and sets our the proposals for change. The document is circulated to interested parties who are invited to comment.

Question 11

White Paper

Answer 11

A document published by the government when the consultation process is completed which sets our their proposals for a new law and the reasons for them

Question 12

Act of Parliament

Answer 12

Also known as statute, a legal document that sets our legal rules tat has passed through the houses of parliament and been formally agreed by the crown (the queen)

Question 13

Private Bills

Answer 13

Bill which proposes new law which affects a limited geographical area or a limited group or institution

Question 14

Public Bill

Answer 14

Bill which proposes new law which affects the country as a whole

Question 15

Hybrid Bill

Answer 15

Bill which proposes new law which affects the country as a whole, but also can be applied to a limited geographical area, limited group or institution

Question 16

The Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949

Answer 16

Acts of Parliament which limit the scope of the house of lords to block bills approved by the house of commons

Question 17

Statute

Answer 17

An act of parliament

Question 18

First Reading

Answer 18

The formal presentation of a Bill to Parliament

Question 19

Second Reading

Answer 19

First opportunity for the minister proposing the bill to explain it in detail and first debate and vote

Question 20

Committee stage

Answer 20

Each clause of a bill is examined in detail and parts will be amended/deleted by a committee. the committee will be English only or English and welsh only if the speaker has issued a certificate

Question 21

Report Stage

Answer 21

Bill formally reported back to House. (Commons or Lords)

Question 22

Third Reading

Answer 22

Bill is reviewed in its final form, minor amendments can be proposed, debated and voted on.

Question 23

Consideration of Amendments

Answer 23

The house in which the bill was first introduced will consider the amendments of the other house, if they are not agreed, ping pong process will take place back and forth until changes have been agreed on

Question 24

Royal Assent

Answer 24

A bill is formally signed and authorised by the queen and it becomes an act

Question 25

House of Commons

Answer 25

Consists of elected members (mps) who can make laws

Question 26

House of Lords

Answer 26

Consists of peers, life and hereditary and some bishops