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Anatomy Test II > cranium - bones > Flashcards

cranium - bones Flashcards

1
Q

neurocranium (8 bones)

A

cranial vault, holds brain, meninges, nerves, vasculature

1 frontal 
1 ethmoid 
1 sphenoid 
1 occipital 
2 temporal 
2 parietal
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2
Q

viscerocranium (15 bones)

A 
1 mandible 
1 ethmoid **
1 vomer
2 maxilla 
2 inferior nasal concha (turbinate)
2 zygomatic 
2 palatine 
2 nasal
2 lacrimal
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3
Q

frontal/metopic suture fuses at

A

typically 3 - 9 months of age

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4
Q

coronal suture fuses at

A

full fusion around age 24

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5
Q

sagittal suture begins to close around

A

age 29. completely closed by 25

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6
Q

lambdoid suture fuses at

A

full fusion may never occur, but typically between 30 and 40

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7
Q

anterior cranial fossa contains

A

frontal lobe of brain

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8
Q

cribiform foramina in cribriform plate contains

A

axons of olfactory epithelium that form olfactory nerve (CNI )

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9
Q

middle cranial fossa contains

A

temporal lobes of brain

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10
Q

optic canals contain

A

optic nerves CN II and ophthalmic arteries

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11
Q

superior orbital fissure contains

A 
ophthalmic veins 
ophthalmic nerve CN V1
oculomotor nerve CN III 3
trochlear nerve CN IV 4
abducens nerve CNVI 6
sympathetic fibers
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12
Q

foramen rotunda contains

A

maxillary nerve CNV2

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13
Q

foramen ovale contains

A

mandibular nerve CNV3

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14
Q

foramen spinous contains

A

middle meningeal artery / vein

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15
Q

foramen lacrem contains

A

nothing, but carotid artery passes over it

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16
Q

carotid canal contains

A

internal carotid artery , sympathetic fibers

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17
Q

posterior cranial fossa contains

A

cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata

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18
Q

foramen magnum contains

A

spinal cord, meninges, vertebral arteries, dural veins, anterior and posterior spinal arteries

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19
Q

jugular foramen contains

A 
glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX 
vagus nerve CN X 
spinal accessory nerve CN XI 
internal jugular vein 
inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses
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20
Q

hypoglossal canal contains

A

hypoglossal nerve CNXII

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21
Q

internal auditory meatus contains

A

facial CNVII and vestibulocochlear nerves CNVIII

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22
Q

dura mater is

A

thick, tough external fibrous layer

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23
Q

arachnoid mater is

A

thin, NONVASCULAR, intermediate layer

24
Q

pia mater is

A

delicate internal vascular layer

25
Q

four dural infoldings:

A
  1. falx cerebri
  2. tentorium cerebelli
  3. Falx cerebelli
  4. diaphragma sellae
26
Q

falx cerebri

A

largest dural infolding

separates right and left cerebral hemispheres

27
Q

tentorium cerebelli

A

separates the occipital lobes of the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum

divides the cranial cavity into supratentorial and infratentorial compartments

28
Q

falx cerebelli

A

partially separates the cerebellar hemispheres

29
Q

diaphragm sellae

A

circular extension that forms a partial roof over the hypophyseal fossa

30
Q

vascular supply to dura mater

A

external corotid artery -> maxillary artery -> middle meningeal artery

31
Q

middle meningeal artery goes through

A

foramen spinosum

32
Q

nerve supply to dura mater

A

trigeminal (CN V1, V2, V3)
ophthalmic N
maxillary N
mandibular N

small mounts of fibers of C2, c3

33
Q

the only non-pathological meningeal space

A

subarachnoid space

34
Q

epidural space and subdural space do not

A

naturally exist unless in pathology

35
Q

diencephalon is composed of

A

pineal gland (epithalamus), thalamus, hypothalamus

36
Q

upper most area of the brainstem [midbrain] gives rise to

A

CN III and CN IV

37
Q

Pons gives rise to

A

CN V

38
Q

medulla oblongata gives rise to

A

CN IX, X, XII

39
Q

CN VI and VIII arise at

A

junction of medulla oblongata and pons

40
Q

CSF is produced by

A

the chloroform plexus at rate of 400 - 500 mL/ day

41
Q

lateral ventricles open up into

A

third ventricle via foramina of Monroe

42
Q

third ventricle is continuous with

A

cerebral aqueduct

43
Q

CSF drains from fourth ventricle to

A

single median aperture [of megendie] and paired lateral apertures of luschka into subarachnoid space

44
Q

CSF is absorbed into the venous system through

A

the arachnoid granulations

45
Q

internal carotids arise from

A

common carotid

46
Q

internal carotid enters carnival cavity via

A

carotid canal, passes over foramen lacer

47
Q

terminal branches of internal carotid =

A

anterior and middle cerebral arteries

48
Q

vertebral arteries arise from

A

subclavian arteries

49
Q

vertebral arteries enter cranial cavity through

A

foramen magnum

50
Q

third ventricle lies between

A

two halves of diencephalon and is continuous with cerebral aqueduct

51
Q

internal carotid + vertebral arteries receive

A

1/6 of CO

1/5 of the body’s oxygen at rest

52
Q

olfactory N lies in

A

cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

53
Q

optic N exits cranial cavity through

A

OPTIC CANAL

54
Q

oculomotor exits cranial cavity through

A

superior orbital fissure

55
Q

Pia matter is highly

A

vascularized

Anatomy Test II (6 decks)

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