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Cranial Nervez Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory N

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2
Q

CN II

A

Optic N

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3
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor N

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4
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear N

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5
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal N

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6
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens N

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7
Q

CN VII

A

Facial N

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8
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulochochlear N

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9
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal N

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10
Q

CN X

A

Vagus

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11
Q

CN XI

A

Spinal Accessory N

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12
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal N

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13
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the cribriform plate in the base of the skull?

A

Olfactory (CN I)

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14
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the optic canal in the base of the skull?

A

Optic (CN 2)

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15
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the superior orbital fissure in the base of the skull?

A

Oculomotor (CN III), Trochlear (CN IV), Ophthalmic division of Trigeminal (CN V1), and Abducens (CN VI)

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16
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the foramen rotundum in the base of the skull?

A

Maxillary division of the Trigeminal N (CN V2)

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17
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the foramen ovale in the base of the skull?

A

Mandibular division of the Trigeminal N (CN V3)

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18
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the internal acoustic meatus in the base of the skull?

A

Facial N (CN VII), Vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)

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19
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the jugular foramen in the base of the skull?

A

Glossopharyngeal N (CN IX), Vagus N (CN X), Spinal Accessory N (CN XI)

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20
Q

Which CN (s) Pass through the hypoglossal canal in the base of the skull?

A

Hypoglossal N (CN XII)

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21
Q

Special Sensory CNs

A

Olfactory, Optic, Vestibulocochlear, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus (1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10*)

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22
Q

General Sensory CNs

A

Trigeminal, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus (5, 7, 9, 10)

23
Q

Visceral Sensory CNs

A

Vagus, Glossopharyngeal (9, 10)

24
Q

Visceral Motor (parasympathetic) CNs

A

Oculomotor, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, and Vagus (3, 7, 9, 10)

25
Q

Branchial Motor

A

Trigeminal, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Spinal Accessory (5, 7, 9, 10, 11)

26
Q

Somatic Motor

A

Oculomotor, Trochlear, Abducens, Hypoglossal (3, 4, 6, 7)

27
Q

Function, origin, and pathway for the Olfactory Nerve (CN I)

A

1) Special Sensory: Olfaction
2) Receptors of bipolar neurons in nasal mucosa of nasal cavity
3) Travels through foramina of the cribriform plate of ethmoid bone and synapses at the olfactory bulb in anterior cranial fossa
* Only one with regenerative properties

28
Q

Function, origin, and pathway of the Optic N (CN II)

A

1) Special sensory: vision
2) Retina of eye
3) Enters cranium via optic foramen of sphenoid bone, L and R optic N unite at optic chiasm, optic tracts travel to lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus –> Occ. lobe

*Basically outgrowth of brain

29
Q

Function, origin, and pathway of Oculomotor N (CN III)

A

1a) Somatic motor: Supplies 4 extrinsic eye muscles (sup/inf rectus, medial rectus, inf oblique) and the levator palpebrae superioris ( elevates eyelid)
1b) Parasympathetic motor: innervates sphincter pupillae muscle of iris to make pupil constrict, constricts ciliary muscles of lens to make them more rounded for near vision
2) Oculomotor and Edinger Westphal nuclei within mesencephalon
3) Leaves cranium via superior orbital fissure and travels to eye and eyelid (parasympathetic fibers travel to ciliary ganglion, and parasympathetic postganglionic fibers travel to iris and ciliary muscle)

30
Q

Function, origin, and pathway of the Trochlear N (CN IV)

A

1) Somatic motor fxn; supplies 1 extrinsic eye muscle, superior oblique to move eyeball inferiorly and laterally
2) Trochlear nucleus in mesencephalon
3) Leaves cranium via superior orbital fissure and travels to superior oblique muscle

31
Q

Function, origin, and pathway of the Abducens N (CN VI)

A

1) Somatic motor fxn; supplies 1 extrinsic eye muscle, the lateral rectus for eye abduction
2) Abducens Nucleus in pons
3) Leaves cranium via superior orbital fissure and travels to lateral rectus muscle

32
Q

Sensory function of V1

A

Conducts sensory impulses from cornea, nose, forehead, and anterior scalp

33
Q

Sensory function of V2

A

Conducts sensory impulses from nasal mucosa, palate, gums, and cheek

34
Q

Sensory function of V3

A

Conducts sensory impulses from anterior 2/3s of tongue, skin of chin, lower jaw, lower teeth; 1/3 from sensory fibers of auricle of ear

35
Q

Somatic motor function of CN V

A

Muscles of mastication: temporalis, masseter, lateral and medial pterygoids; mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani muscle, and tensor veli, palatini

36
Q

What’re the 6 CN modalities?

A

Somatic Motor, Branchial motor, Visceral Motor, Visceral sensory, General Sensory, Special Sensory

37
Q

Special Sensory is also referred to as

A

SSA (special somatic afferent), SVA (special visceral afferent)

38
Q

Branchial Motor is also referred to as

A

SVE (special visceral efferent)

39
Q

Visceral Motor is also referred to as

A

GVE (general visceral efferent) aka parasympathetics

40
Q

Visceral sensory is also referred to as

A

GVA (general visceral afferent)

41
Q

General Sensory is also referred to as

A

GSA (General somatic afferent)

42
Q

Somatic Motor is also referred to as

A

GSE (general somatic efferent) *Somite derived

43
Q

——————– fibers arise from nuclei in the brain stem and synapse at which 4 ganglia in the head?

A

Pre-ganglionic presynaptic

Ciliary, pterygopalatine, Otic, and Submandibular

44
Q

All sympathetic fibers are post-ganglionic arising from the ————.

A

Superior Cervical Ganglion

45
Q

Origin and pathway for the trigeminal N?

A

1) Pons
2) Sensory fibers enter respective foramina and travel to Trigeminal Ganglion before entering pons.
Motor fibers leave pons and via foramen ovale to supply muscles

46
Q

Nerve branches of V1

A

Lacrimal, frontal, Nasociliary, Meningeal

47
Q

Nerve branches of V2

A

Zygomatic, infraorbital, superior alveolar, Palatine, Meningeal

48
Q

Nerve branches of V3

A

Sensory: Buccal, Lingual, Inferior alveolar, Auriculotemporal, Meningeal
Motor: Medial pterygoid, Lateral pterygoid, Masseteric, Deep Temporal, Mylohyoid

49
Q

Modalities of Facial N (CN VII)

A

SVA, SVE, GSA, GVE OR Special sensory, Branchial Motor, General sensory, General Motor

50
Q

Sensory function of CN VII

A

Taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue

51
Q

Somatic motor function of CN VII

A

Facial expression (5 muscles), posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid, and Stapedius

52
Q

Parasympathetic function of CN VII

A

Lacrimal, submandibular (salivary) , and sublingual (salivary)

53
Q

Origin and pathway of CN VII

A

1) Nuclei within the pons
2) A: Sensory fibers travel from tongue via chorda tympani branch of facial N, enter skull, and synapse at geniculate ganglion of facial n.
B: Somatic motor fibers leave the pons and enter temporal bone via internal auditory canal, emerge through stylomastoid foramen to supply musculature.
C: Parasympathetic fibers leave the pons, enter internal auditory canal, and leave with either greater petrosal nerve or chorda tympani to glands it innervates.

54
Q

Function, origin, and pathway of CN VIII

A

1) Cochlear branch conducts impulses for hearing, and vestibular branch conducts impulses for equilibrium
2) Vestibular: Hair cells in vestibule of inner ear
Cochlear: Cochlea of inner ear
3) Sensory cell bodies of vestibular branch are located in the vestibular ganglion, while sensory cell bodies of the cochlear branch are located in the spiral ganglion near the cochlea. The vestibular and cochlear branches merge, and together enter the cranial cavity through internal auditory canal and travel to the junction of the pons and medulla

NeuroEndocrine (14 decks)

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