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Assessment Final > Cranial Nerves/ Neuromuscular > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves/ Neuromuscular Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components of the Neurological Exam

A

Mental Status
Cranial Nerve Function
Sensory Function
Reflex Function

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2
Q

parenstheis

A

numbness or tingling

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3
Q

What are some drugs that can adversely affect the neurological system

A

Corticosteroids
Cimetidine - GI - confusion
Sedatives
Muscle Relaxers

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4
Q

Spastic hemiparesis

A

affected leg stiff and extended. Foot dragged, scraping of toes, affected arm flexed, adducted, No swing

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5
Q

Spastic Diplegia

A

(scissoring, Scissor Gait)- short steps, drag ball of foot, knocked kneed,

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6
Q

Steppage-

A

hip and knee excessively high, foot slaps floor, plantar flexed foot off ground, unable to walk on heels

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7
Q

Dystophic

A

waddling

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8
Q

Dystonia-

A

jerky, dancing movements appear nondirectional

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9
Q

Scoring of deep Tendon Refelx

A

0- No response
1+ Sluggish or diminished
2+ Active or expected outcome
3+ More Brisk than expected, slightly hyperactive
4+ Brisk, hyperactive, with intermittent or transient clonus

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10
Q

Clonus

A

rapid repetitive contraction and relaxation in a muscle movements

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11
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory Nerve

Pt able to identify aroma using one nostril

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12
Q

CN II

A

Optic Nerve - Visual acuity and peripheral vision

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13
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor - ability of eyes to move up and down, medial, and up and in

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14
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear - ability of the eyes to move down and in

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15
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal - ask patient to move the jaw from side to side and clench teeth; contraction of temporal and masseter muscles; ability to bite down on tongue blade
Corneal reflex/blinks when something close to eye

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16
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens - think “abducting” of the eyes. ability of the eye to loo from side to side

17
Q

CN VII

A

Facial Nerve - smile, frown, raise eyebrows, puff cheeks, purse lips
Test for sweet, sour, or salty on anterior 2/3 of tongue

18
Q

CN VIII

A

Acoustic - watch tick test; Romberg test for balance

19
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal - cough, talk; posterior of tongue

20
Q

CN X

A

Vagus - digestion and ability to swallow

21
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory Nerve - Shoulder Shrugs, and neck muscles - turning head/ resistance without pain

22
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal - have pt say d, l, n, t - have patient stick out/protude tongue - movement - licking an ice-cream cone

23
Q

Kiesthetics

A

aka position sense; have patient identify what direction you are moving a particular limb of theirs with eyes closed

24
Q

Graphesthesia

A

with patients eyes closed use point of a closed pen to trace a number on the patients hand and ask the patient to identify it

25
Q

Stereognoisis

A

with patients eyes closed, place a familiar object such as a coin or a button in the patients hand, and ask patient to identify it

26
Q

Two - Point Discrimination

A

ability to discriminate between 2 points of simultaneous stimulation - toothpick with 2 points - gradually move them further away until they can identify 2 separate points

27
Q

Primitive reflexes

A

usually a sign of neurological damage in adult since they are typically only seen in newborns; they include
Grasp
Sucking
Snout - puckering of pts lips when you touch them
Rooting - touch side of face; pt turns towards stimulated side
Glabellar - taping on forehead = pt blinks
Babinski - stroke lateral aspect of foot; dorsiflexion and great toe and fanning of toes

28
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)

A

provides a score in the range 3-15; patients with scores of 3-8 are usually said to be in a coma. The total score is the sum of the scores in three categories.

29
Q

What is the best test for LOC

A

GCS - glassjaw coma scale = evaluates eye, motor, and verbal responses

30
Q

Which level of disorientation would be of greatest concern?

Time, Place, Purpose, or Person

A

Person

Assessment Final (7 decks)

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