cranial nerves (except cnV) Flashcards
pathway of CNI
olfactory nerve cells, cribiform plate, olfactory bulb, olfactory tract, olfactory area of the temporal lobe
functional group of CNI
SVA - sense of smell
pathway of CNII
rods and cones to ganglion of cells of retina, through the optic canal, optic chiasm, optic tract, common tendinous ring, lateral geniculate body, to occipital lobe
functional group of CNII
SSA - vision
pathway of CNVII
vestibular and chochlear branch join together and form the vestibulochoclear nerve, then it passes through the internal acoustic meatus and attaches to pons and medulla
t/f. vestibular nucleus is associated with hearing, and cochlear is associated with balance.
false, vestibular is associated with balance, and cochlear is associated with hearing
functional group of CNVIII
SSA
sensory only cranial nerves
I, II, VIII
pathway of CNIV
midbrain trochlear nucleus, middle cranial fossa, lateral cavernous sinus, superior orbital fissure, lateral to tendinous ring, innervates superior oblique
functional group of CNIV
GSE
pathway of CNVI
junction of pons and medulla at abducens nucleus, passes with ICA through cavernous sinus, through superior orbital fissure, through tendinous ring, innervates lateral rectus
functional group of CNVI
GSE
pathway of CNXI
cranial root at the medulla runs laterally in the post cranial fossa and joins the spinal root.
spinal root of the 5 upper segments of the spinal cord ascend up through the foramen magnum and meet the cranial root. they leave through the jugular foramen to join vagus (cranial) and innervate SCM and traps (spinal)
functional group of the cranial root of CNXI
SVE - motor to muscles of soft palate, pharynx, and intrinsic pharynx muscles
functional group of the spinal root of CNXI
GSE - innervates SCM and trap
pathway of CNXII
rootlets from hypoglossal nucleus on medulla join and travel through hypoglossal canal, enters the root of the tongue and innervates extrinsic tongue muscles (except palatogloss.) and intrinsic tongue muscles
functional group of CNXII
GSE - innervates intrinsic tongue muscles and extrinsic tongue muscles, except for palatoglossus
what type of sympathetic fibers are in the cranial region
post ganglionic sympathetic from the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion
pathway from the oculomotor branch of CNIII
midbrain, middle cranial fossa through the cavernous sinus, through sup orbital fissure, divides into superior and inferior, to the eye muscles
functional group of CNIII from the oculomotor nucleus
GSE - innervates eye muscles (not sup oblique or lat rectus)
functional group of CNIII from the edinger westphal nucleus
GVE - innervates the sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles.
pathway from the edinger westphal nucleus
(preganglionic) midbrain, middle cranial fossa through cavernous sinus, through sup orbital fissure, continues into inferior division, passes through cilliary ganglion with sympathetic nerves, (post ganglionic) short cilliary nerves to sphincter pupillae and cilliary muscles
sympathetic innervation of the intrinsic eye muscles
dilator pupillae, cilliary, superior tarsal (raise upper eyelid)
ptosis
drooping of eyelid
mydraisis
pupil dilation
pathway of CNVII
starts at junction of pons and medulla, laterally in post cranial fossa with CN8, through internal acoustic meatus, through facial canal, 3 branch off (Golly Polly..), remainder of facial nerve proper goes through stylomastoid foramen, then parotid gland to form parotid plexus
3 branches of CN7 before stylomastoid foramen
greater petrosal, nerve to stapedius, chorda tympani
GSA of CN7
senses skin of ear, external acoustic meatus, through geniculate to the trigeminal sensory nucleus on pons/midbrain
GVA of CN7
pain receptors of nasopharynx, through geniculate to solitary nucleus
SVA of CN7
taste of ant 2/3 of tongue, through geniculate to solitary nucleus
GVE of CN7 from pterygopalatine parasympathetic gang
(pre gang) sup salivatory nucleus to geniculate, then greater petrosal which joins with the deep petrosal (sympathetic) and sensory fibers to form vidian nerve, through the pterygopalatine ganglion, (post gang) fibers hitch hike onto zygomatic n of v2, communicating branch, then lacrimal n
GVE of CN7 from submandibular parasympathetic gang
(pregang) sup salivatory nucleus through internal acoustic meatus, chorda tympani across tympanic membrane, through petrotympanic fissure, hitch hikes on v3, submandibular gang, (post symp) hitch hikes on lingual n of v3 to submand and subling glands (and SVA - ant 2/3 taste)
branches of facial nerve proper
"PaDS" post auricular n nerve to post digastric nerve to stylohyoid "To Zanzibar By Motor Car" temporal n. zygomatic n. buccal n. mandibular n. cervical n.
when does the facial nerve proper give off its terminal branches
after the stylomastoid foramen
temporal nerve innervates
motor to auricularis and and post, frontalis, orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilii, procerus
zygomatic nerve innervates
motor to orbicularis oculi and zygomaticus
buccal nerve innervates
motor to buccinator and orbicularis oris
mandibular nerve innervates
motor to depressor labii inferioris, depressor anguli oris, mentalis
cervical nerve innervates
motor to depressor anguli oris, and platysma
SVE of CN7
innervates muscles of facial expression, stylohyoid, post digastric, stapedius, from facial motor nucleus
pathway of CNIX
medulla, post cranial fossa, through the jugular foramen, descends through upper neck to tongue
GSA of IX
sensory to skin of external ear and post 1/3 of tongue, starting in superior glossopharyngeal ganglion to the trigeminal sensory nucleus
GVA of IX
sensory to nasopharynx, oropharynx, middle ear, carotid body, and sinus, starting in the inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion to the solitary nucleus
SVA of IX
taste to post 1/3 of tongue, starting from inferior glossopharyngeal ganglion to the solitary nucleus
GVE of IX
Innervates the parotid gland, starting in the inferior salivatory nucleus, through the otic ganglion to the gland and hitchhike with auriculotemporal branch of V3.
SVE of IX
motor to the stylopharyngeus, starting in the nucleus ambiguus
branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve that contains sensory and pregang parasymp fibers to the tympanic plexus
tympanic nerve
what does the tympanic plexus innervate?
sensory and sympathetics to the middle ear, pharyngotympanic tube, and mastoid air cells
lesser petrosal n is a branch of the
tympanic nerve/plexus
what is the pathway of the lesser petrosal and what does it innervate?
(pregang parasymp) branch from the tympanic plexus, through the foramen ovale, otic ganglion, (postgang parasymp) to the parotid gland by hitch hiking on V3, auriculotemporal n.
other branches of the glosspharyngeal
pharyngeal, stylopharyngeal, nerve to carotid sinus, lingual branches, tonsillar, palatine, many communicating branches
pathway of CNX
medulla, through post cranial fossa, through the jugular foramen and descends down the neck through the carotid sheath, through the mediastinum, piercing the diaphragm with the esophagus, and terminates in the abdomen
GSA of CNX
general sensation from the skin of the external ear, starting in the superior vagal ganglion to the trigeminal sensory nucleus
GVA of CNX
sensory to the layngopharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen, starting in the inferior vagal ganglion, then travels to the solitary nucleus
SVA of CNX
taste to scattered fibers on the palate and epiglottis, starting in the inferior vagal ganglion, then travels to the solitary nucleus
GVE of CNX
innervates thoracic and abdominal viscera, starting in dorsal vagal motor nucleus, then travels to the intramural ganglion, then to thorax and abs
SVE of CNX
motor to muscles of palate, pharynx, and larynx starting in the nucleus ambiguus, then out to the muscles
branches of vagus nerve
pharyngeal, superior (internal and external) laryngeal, recurrent laryngeal
what happens to your uvula or tongue if CNX or XII are injured?
uvulA moves Away
Tongue moves Towards
the side of injury
