cnV Flashcards
what 4 GSA cranial nerves use the trigeminal sensory nucleus
V, VII, IX, X
what part of the trigeminal sensory nucleus senses proprioception and controls the jaw jerk reflex and force of bite
trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
what part of the trigeminal sensory nucleus senses 2-point discrimination and pressure
trigeminal chief (pontine, primary, principle) sensory nucleus
what part of the trigeminal sensory nucleus senses pain, temp, light touch
trigeminal spinal (descending) nucleus
describe the basic sensory pathway (frist, second, third order) of cnV
first order - take all sensory info to the trigeminal nucleus and synapse with 2nd order neurons
second order - crosses the opposite side of the brainstem and travel up the brainstem (trigemninal lemniscus) to the ventral posteromedial nucleus and synapse int the thalamus 3rd order neurons
third order - neurons terminate in the primary somatosensory cortex
t/f. the portion of your brain that is affected during an injury relates to the same side of your face.
false. because second order neurons switch sides of the brainstem, the side of the brain that is affected translates to the opposite side of your face
3 divisions of the trigeminal nerve
opthalmic (v1)
maxillary (v2)
mandibular (v3)
which branch of cnV is sensory and motor
mandibular (v3)
general pathway of cnV
anterior pons through the post cranial fossa to the apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone in the mid cranial fossa, trigeminal/semilunar ganglion, 3 branches
where does v1 exit the skull
into the cavernous sinus out of the superior orbital fissure
where does v2 exit the skull
foramen rotundum
where does v3 exit the skull
foramen ovale
GSA of cnV1
sensory to forehead, sclap, eyelids, nose, eye, and mucous memb of nasal cavity and sinuses, starting at the trigem ganglion to the trigem sensory nucleus
innervation of supraorbital n of v1
branch of frontal n that innerates frontal sinus and skin superior to lateral orbit and lateral upper eyelid
innervation of supratrochlear n of v1
frontal sinus and skin superior to medial orbit and medial upper eyelid
innervation of lacrimal n of v1
conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, skin of upper eyelid
also communicates with zygomatic n of v2 and is used as a hitch hiker by cnVII
innervation of posterior ethmoid n of v1
branch of nasociliary n that innervates the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses
innervation of anterior ethmoid n of v1
branch of the nasociliary n that innervates the ethmoid sinus and nasal cavity
branches into the external nasal n.
external nasal n of v1
branch of the anterior ethmoid that innervates the apex of the nose
infratrochlear n of v1
branch of the nasociliary n that innervates the conjunctiva, lacrimal structures and skin of the bridge of the nose and eyelids
long ciliary n of v1
branch of the nasociliary n that innervates the sclera and cornea
short ciliary n of v1
branch of the nasociliary n that innervates the ciliary body and iris
what are the components of the long ciliary nerve
sympathetic neurons from the superior cervical gang and sensory neurons from v1
what are the components of the short ciliary nerve
sympathetic nerurons from the superior cervical gang, sensory neurons from v1, and parasympathetic fibers from cnIII
GSA of cnV2
sensory of mid face, lower eyelid, mucous memb of nose and max sinuses, upper lip, max teeth and palate, starting at trigeminal ganglion to trigeminal sensory nucleus
posterior superior alveolar n of v2
sensory to mmax sinus, buccal gingiva along max molars, max molars
infraorbital n of v2
sensory to buccal givgiva of max central incisor, lat incisor, canines, and premolars; skin to inferior orbit and medial portion of superior lip
5 branches of infraorbital n
middle superior alveolar, anterior superior alveolar, nasal, palpebrael, superior labial
8 branches of v2
psa, infraorbita, zygomatic, gnaglionic branches, pharyngeal, nasopalatine, greater palatine, lesser palatine
3 branches of v1
frontal, lacrimal, nasociliary
middle superior alveolar n of v2
branch of infraorbital that innervates max sinus, max premolars
anterior sup alveolar n of v2
branch of infraorbital that innervates max sinus, max central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine
nasal n of v2
branch of infraorbital that innervates nasal cavity and nasal septum
palpebrael n of v2
branch of infraorbital that innervates the skin of the lower eyelid
superior labial n of v2
branch of infraorbital that innervates skin of upper lip
communication to lacrimal n of v2
branchh of the zygomatic n that carries parasympathetic fibers from cnVII to the lacrimal n of v1
zygomaticofacial n of v2
branch of the zygomatic n that innervates the skin inferior and lateral to the orbit and the lateral portion of superior lip
zygomaticotemporal n of v2
branch of the zygomatic n that innervates the skin superior and lateral to the orbit
ganglionic branches of v2
communicates between the zygomatic n of v2 and the lacrimal n of v1 that carries parasympathetic nerves from cnVII
pharyngeal n of v2
innervates the nasopharynx
nasopalatine n of v2
innervates the hard palate and palatal gingiva/mucosa and between canines
greater (anterior) palatine n of v2
innervates hard palate and gingiva/muscosa between premolars and molars
lesser (posterior) palatine n of v2
innervates the soft palate
sensory in gag reflex
foramen the nasopalatine n travels through
foramen rotundum, pterygopalatine fossa, sphenopalatine foramen, incisive foramen
t/f. there is typically no variation in between the superior alveolar nerves (post, mid, ant)
false. some people don’t have the msa
describe the hitch hiking of cnVII via the pterygopalatine ganglion
the post ganglionic sympathetic fibers of the pterygopalatine n jump on the ganglionic branches of v2, then the zygomatic n of v2. they then get on the communicating branch of v2 to the lacrimal of v1 which will provide parasympathetics to the lacrimal gland
GSA of v3
sensory to lower face and scalp, tongue and floor of mouth, mandibular teeth and part of the external ear
proprioception of muscles of mastication and tmj, staring at trigeminal gangion to trigeminal sensory nucleus
SVE of v3
motor to muscles of mastication, ant digastric, mylohyoid, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini, starting at the trigeminal motor nucleus
innervation to the tmj
masseteric
auriculotemporal
post deep temporal
meningeal n of v3
sensory to meninges
tensor tympani n of v3
motor to tensor tympani
tensor veli palatini n of v3
motor to tensor veli palatini
medial pteryogoid n of v3
anterior division that is motor to medial pterygoid
long (buccal) n of v3
anterior division that is sensory to buccal gingiva around mandibular molar, skin of cheek and lateral lower lip
masseteric n of v3
anterior division of v3 that is motor to masseter and tmj
deep temporal n (anterior and posterior) of v3
anterior division that is motor to temporalis
lateral pterygoid n of v3
anterior division that is motor to lat pterygoid
mylohyoid n of v3
posterior division that is motor to mylohyoid and ant digastric
inferior alveolar n of v3
sensory to all mandibular teeth via incisive n and 2nd premolar and molars
incisive n of v3
branch of the inferior alveolar that is sensory to mandibular teeth from first premolar anterior
mental n of v3
branch of inferior alveolar that is sensory to buccal gingiva from 1st premolar andterio, skin of chin and medial lower lip
lingual n of v3
sensory to lingual gingiva of mand teeth and ant 2/3
cnVII hitchhikes for taste ant 2/3 and parasympathetic to subling and submand glands
auriculotemporal n of v3
sensory to tmj, skin of superior to ear and around the temple
cnIX hitchhikes parasympathetic to parotid gland through otic gang
what is the portio minor
root of v3
tic douloureux
trigeminal neuralgia
excruciating pain in v2 and v3
signs and symptoms of horners syndrome
ptosis (droopy eye) anhidrosis (lack of sweat) myosis (constricted pupil) "PAM is horny" problem with sympathetic nerve supply
cn involved in the corneal reflex
sensory - nasociliary of v1
motor - temporal and zygomatic of v2
cn involved in the cough reflex
sensory - int laryngeal of X
motor - recurrent laryngeal of X, phrenic, intercostal
cn involved in the gag reflex
sensory - primarily IX, soft palate V2
motor - X
cn involved in pupillary light reflex
sensory - II
motor - III (sympathetic and parasymp)
cn involved in accomodation reflex
sensory - II
motor - III (parasymp)
(focusing near/distant objects)
