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Neuroanatomy > cranial nerves and nuclei > Flashcards

cranial nerves and nuclei Flashcards

1
Q

General Visceral Afferent (GVA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 7, 9, 10
Fxn: visceral pain

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2
Q

Special Visceral Afferent (SVA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 1, 7, 9, 10
Fxn: taste and smell

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3
Q

General Visceral Efferent (GVE) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 3, 7, 9, 10
Fxn: motor innervation to smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels

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4
Q

General Somatic Afferent (GSA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 5, 7, 9, 10
Fxn: pain, temperature, proprioception

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5
Q

Special Visceral Efferent (SVE) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 5, 7, 9, 10, 11
Fxn: motor innervation to branchial muscles, mastication, and facial expression

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6
Q

Special Somatic Afferent (SSA) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 2, 8
Fxn: eyes and ears

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7
Q

General Somatic Efferent (GSE) - list the cranial nerves and the function

A

CN: 3, 4, 6, 12
Fxn: skeletal muscles

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8
Q

what is the attachment for CN1 (olfactory)?

A

olfactory bulb

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9
Q

what is the foramen for CN1?

A

cribiform plate

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10
Q

what is the functional component of CN1?

A

SVA

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11
Q

what is the nucleus for CN1?

A

olfactory mucosa

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12
Q

what structures does the CN1 innervate?

A

olfactory nasal mucosa

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13
Q

what is the route for olfactory nerve?

A

olfactory nerve => cribiform plate => olfactory bulb => olfactory tract => olfactory stria

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14
Q

what is the attachment for CN2 (optic?)

A

optic chiasm

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15
Q

what is the foramen for CN2?

A

optic canal

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16
Q

what is the functional component for CN2?

A

SSA

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17
Q

what is the nucleus for CN2?

A

lateral geniculate body

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18
Q

what does CN2 innervate?

A

retina

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19
Q

what is the route for CN2?

A

retina => optic nerve => optic chiasm => optic foramen => optic tract => lateral geniculate body => area 17 visual cortex

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20
Q

what is the attachment for CN3?

A

interpeduncular fossa

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21
Q

what is the foramen for CN3?

A

superior orbital fissure

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22
Q

what functional components for CN3?

A

GVE

GSE

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23
Q

nucleus for CN3?

A

GVE - edinger-westphal

GSE - oculomotor

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24
Q

innervations for CN3?

A

GVE - EWN - sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscles (parasympathetic, small pupil, fat lens)

GSE - oculomotor - all extraocular muscles except LR6SO4

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25
Q

The GVE component of CN3 goes through which ganglion?

A

ciliary ganglion

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26
Q

what happens if CN3 is damaged?

A

pupils remain fixed and dilated

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27
Q

what is the attachment for CN4?

A

superior medullary velum

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28
Q

what is the foramen for CN4?

A

superior orbital fissure

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29
Q

what is the functional component of CN4?

A

GSE

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30
Q

what is the nucleus for CN4?

A

trochlear nucleus

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31
Q

what is the innervation of CN4?

A

superior oblique muscle

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32
Q

what is unique about CN4?

A
  • longest intracranial exposure
  • only nerve to exit from the posterior brainstem
  • only nerve that crosses
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33
Q

route of CN4?

A

trochlear nucleus => crosses IC => posterior brainstem => cavernous sinus => superior orbital fissure => superior oblique muscle

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34
Q

what are the 3 parts of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  1. ophthalmic
  2. maxillary
  3. mandibular
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35
Q

what is the attachment for CN5?

A

lateral pons

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36
Q

what are the foramen and innervations for ophthalmic V1?

A

superior orbital fissure

skin of upper face

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37
Q

what are the foramen and innervations of maxillary V2?

A

foramen rotundum

mid face, upper teeth, nasal, palatal mucosa

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38
Q

what are the foramen and innervations of mandibular V3?

A

foramen ovale

lower face, lower teeth, anterior tongue, ear

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39
Q

what are the functional components of CN5?

40
Q

what does the SVE component of CN5 innervate?

A

muscles of mastication, digastric, tensor, mylohyoid

41
Q

what are the GSA nuclei of CN5?

A
  • spinal trigeminal nucleus
  • chief sensory nucleus
  • mesencephalic nucleus
42
Q

what is the function of the spinal trigeminal nucleus?

A

pain and temperature

43
Q

what is the function of the chief sensory nucleus?

A

conscious proprioception

44
Q

what is the function of the mesencephalic nucleus?

A

jaw jerk reflex

unconscious proprioception

45
Q

what is the SVE nucleus of CN5?

A

motor nucleus of CN5

46
Q

what is the attachment for CN6?

A

sulcus between anterior surface of pons and medulla

47
Q

what is the foramen for CN6?

A

superior orbital fissure

48
Q

what is the functional component of CN6?

49
Q

what is the nucleus for CN6?

A

abducens nucleus

50
Q

what does the CN6 innervate?

A

lateral rectus muscle

51
Q

route of CN6?

A

brainstem => cavernous sinus => superior orbital fissure => LR6

52
Q

what is the attachment for CN7?

A

cerebellomedullary pontine angle

53
Q

what is the foramen of CN7?

A

internal auditory meatus

54
Q

what are the components of CN7?

A 
GVA
SVA
GVE
GSA
SVE
55
Q

what is the nucleus and innervation of GVA CN7

A

nucleus - nucleus solitarius

fxn - deep sensation from soft palate

56
Q

what is the nucleus and innervation of SVA CN7?

A

nucleus solitarius

anterior taste buds

57
Q

what is the nucleus and innervation of GVE CN7?

A

superior salivatory nucleus

motor innervation to submandibular, sublingual, and lacrimal glands

58
Q

what is the nucleus and innervation of GSA CN7?

A

sensory nucleus of CN5

sensation of ear pinna

59
Q

what is the nucleus and innervation of SVE CN7

A

motor nucleus of 7 (facial nucleus)

motor innervation to facial expression muscles, digastric, stylohyoid, stapedius

60
Q

how do neurons of the upper face (UMN) receive their input?

A

bilateral cortical input from the facial motor nucleus

61
Q

how do neurons of the lower face (LMN) receive their input?

A

unilateral cortical contralateral input from the facial motor nucleus

62
Q

what is the result of unilateral cortical damage?

A

cortical damage = damage to UMN before they reach the nuclei

  • upper face is spared because of bilateral input
  • contralateral lower face is weak
63
Q

what is the result of facial nucleus damage

A

total paralysis on the affected side

-upper and lower are damaged ipsilaterally

64
Q

what is the attachment of CN8?

A

cerebellomedullary pontine angle

65
Q

what is the foramen of CN8?

A

internal auditory meatus

66
Q

what is the functional component of CN8?

67
Q

what is the nucleus of CN8?

A 
cochlear nuclei (2)
vestibular nuclei (4)
68
Q

what is the innervation of CN8

A 
organ of corti (cochlear)
semicircular canals (vestibular)
69
Q

AIM and CN8

A

auditory
inferior colliculus
medial geniculate

70
Q

attachment for CN9?

A

lateral olivary sulcus

71
Q

foramen for CN9?

A

jugular foramen

72
Q

functional components of CN9?

A 
GVA
SVA
GVE
GSA
SVE
73
Q

GVA nucleus and innervation for CN9?

A

nucleus solitarius

deep sensation of posterior tongue, soft palate, pharynx, auditory tube, carotid

74
Q

SVA nucleus and innervation for CN9?

A

nucleus solitarius

posterior taste buds

75
Q

GVE nucleus and innervation for CN9?

A

inferior salivatory nucleus

parotid gland

76
Q

GSA nucleus and innervation for CN9?

A

sensory nucleus of CN5

ear pinna

77
Q

SVE nucleus and innervation for CN9

A

stylopharyngeus muscle

78
Q

GLOAP

A

associated with GVE of CN9

Ganglion => lesser petrosal nerve => otic ganglion => auriculotemporal nerve => parotid gland

79
Q

attachment of CN10?

A

lateral olivary sulcus

80
Q

foramen of CN10?

A

jugular foramen

81
Q

functional components of CN10?

A 
GVA
SVA
GVE
GSA
SVE
82
Q

GVA CN10 nucleus and innervation

A

nucleus solitarius

visceral sensation of pharynx, esophagus, trachea

83
Q

SVA CN10 nucleus and innervation

A

nucleus solitarius

taste buds of epiglottis and glottis

84
Q

GVE CN10 nucleus and innervation

A

dorsal motor nucleus of 10

thoracic and abdominal viscera

85
Q

GSA CN10 nucleus and innervation

A

sensory nucleus of CN5

ear pinna

86
Q

SVE CN10 nucleus and innervation

A

nucleus ambiguous

muscles of pharynx larynx, cricothryoid, levator palatini

87
Q

attachment of CN11

A

upper cervical spinal roots

88
Q

foramen of CN11?

A

foramen magnum and foramen jugular

89
Q

components of CN11?

90
Q

nucleus of CN11?

A

accessory spinal nuclei (C1-C5)

91
Q

innervation of CN11?

92
Q

route of CN11

A

exits at accessory nuclei

  1. ascends through foramen magnum
  2. descends through foramen jugular
  3. goes to SCM/Trap
93
Q

attachment of CN12?

A

anterior lateral olivary sulcus

94
Q

foramen of CN12?

A

hypoglossal canal

95
Q

nucleus of CN12?

A

hypoglossal nucleus

96
Q

innervation of CN12?

A

muscles of tongue

97
Q

functional components of CN12?

Neuroanatomy (9 decks)

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