Cranial nerves Flashcards
Olfactory origin, function, testing, disorders
Nasal cavity to olfactory cortex
Sensory: smells
Sniff certain smells
Anosmia
Optic origin, function, testing, disorders
Retina to visual cortex
Sensory: sees
Snellen eye chart
Blindness, anopsias
Oculomotor origin, function, testing, disorders
Midbrain to eye
Motor: eye muscle control + Pupils
Size & shape of pupil + pupillary reflex
Lateral strabismus “lazy eye”, ptosis of eye lid, no eye movement
Trochlear origin, function, testing, disorders
Back of midbrain to superior orbital fissure
Motor: moves eyes
Testing same as oculomotor
Double vision, can’t move eye down to lateral side
Trigeminal origin, function, testing, disorders
Ophthalmic division origin: Superior orbital fissure to pons
Maxillary & mandibular division origin: foramen ovale to pons
Both: chews and feels front of head
Opth function: sensory from nasal cavity up
Max function: sensory from lip to ophthalmic
Mand function: sensory from chin to maxillary + motor to chewing muscles
Sensation in 3 areas, movement abnormality in jaw (mand) corneal reflex (ophth)
Trigeminal neuralgia
Abducens origin, function, testing, disorders
From pons to lateral rectus muscle
Motor: moves eyes
Testing same as oculomotor
Internal or medial strabismus
Facial origin, function, testing, disorders
From pons to face (feeds 5 areas: temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical)
Both: Moves face, salivates, sensory from taste buds
Face symmetry (smile), taste test
Bell’s palsy
Vestibulocochlear origin, function, testing, disorders
From vestibular and cochlear nerve to pons
Sensory: hearing & balance
Deafness, dizziness, loss of balance
Glossopharyngeal origin, function, testing, disorders
Medulla to throat
Both: swallows, tastes
Coughing, speaking, gagging
Difficulty swallowing
Vagus origin, function, testing, disorders
Medulla to thorax and abdomen - innervates most visceral organs
Both: Motor: swallowing, talking, heart, breathing. Sensory from abdomen.
Testing same as glossopharyngeal
Hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, death
Accessory origin, function, testing, disorders
Union of a cranial nerve and spinal nerve
Motor: turns head, lifts shoulders
Shrugging against resistance, head turning
Head turning to injured side, difficulty shrugging
Hypoglossal origin, function, testing, disorders
From medulla to tongue
Motor: tongue movement
Stick out tongue
Difficulty speaking, swallowing, tongue deviates to one side
12 cranial nerves in order
Olfactory Optic Oculomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens Facial Vestibulocochlear Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal
