Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What passes through the brainstem?

A

All ascending and descending pathways pass though the brainstem

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2
Q

What nuclei is in the brainstem?

A

Contains nuclei of 9 of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves: III to XII (except XI)

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3
Q

How is the cerebellum connected to the brainstem?

A

Cerebellum connected to brainstem by 3 cerebellar peduncles (white fibre tracts)

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4
Q

What happens in the brainstem?

A

Cerebellum connected to brainstem by 3 cerebellar peduncles (white fibre tracts)

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5
Q

What is the medulla?

A

Rostral continuation of spinal cord

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6
Q

What is on the anterior surface of the medulla?

A

pyramids (descending tracts)

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7
Q

What does the posterior surface have?

A

dorsal columns

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8
Q

What is the posterior surface divided into?

A

Open and closed

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9
Q

What does the closed part of the medulla have?

A

extension of central canal of spinal cord

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10
Q

What does the canal widen to?

A

Canal widens to form 4th ventricle in open medulla

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11
Q

Where does the CNS blood supply come from?

A

CNS blood supply comes from 2 arterial systems:
anterior and posterior
Anterior is derived from
Posterior is derived from

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12
Q

What are the efferent and afferent functions of the cranial nerves?

A
  1. general somatic efferent (GSE)
  2. general visceral efferent (GVE)
  3. general visceral efferent (parasympathetic)
  4. general somatic afferent (GSA)
  5. general visceral afferent (GVA)
  6. special visceral efferent (SVE)
  7. special somatic afferent (SSA)
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13
Q

What is the brainstem composed of?

A

midbrain, pons and medulla

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14
Q

What is the general internal structure of brainstem?

A

composed of tectum, ventricles, tegmentum and base

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15
Q

What does the posterior aspect of midbrain have?

A

pineal gland, colliculi, dorsal columns

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16
Q

What does the anterior aspect of the brainstem have?

A

mamillary bodies, cerebral peduncles, medullary pyramids

17
Q

What cranial nerves emerge from midbrain?

A

Cranial nerves II & IV emerge from midbrain

18
Q

What cranial nerves emerge from the pons?

A

Cranial nerves V-VIII emerge from pons

19
Q

What cranial nerves emerge from medulla?

A

Cranial nerves IX, X & XII emerge from medulla

20
Q

What is the blood supply like from brainstem?

A

Blood supply is from vertebral-basilar system