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Nervous System BDS1 > cranial nerves > Flashcards

cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

how many cranial nerves are there?

A

12 paired nerves

arise direct from brain

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2
Q

how are the cranial nerves numbered?

A

location on brain stem
- superior to inferior, then medial to lateral (first 2 are from the cerebrum the rest are specific part of brainstem or junction between 2 parts)

order of exit from cranium
- anterior to posterior

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3
Q

what are the 2 modality types for cranial nerves?

A

each can be classed as sensory, motor or both

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4
Q

how many types of information can cranial nerves transmit?

A

7 types

  • 4 sensory
  • 3 motor
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5
Q

what are the 4 sensory modalities for cranial nerves?

A

General Somatic Sensory

General Visceral Sensory

Special Somatic Sensory ***

Special Visceral Sensory ***

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6
Q

general somatic sensory

A

general sensation from the skin

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7
Q

general visceral sensory

A

general sensation from viscera

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8
Q

special somatic sensory

A

senses derived from ectoderm
e.g. sight, sound, balance

unique to CN

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9
Q

special visceral sensory

A

senses derived from endoderm
e.g. taste, smell

unique to CN

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10
Q

what are the 3 motor modalities of the CNS?

A

General Somatic Motor

General Visceral Motor

Special Visceral Motor ***

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11
Q

general somatic motor

A

skeletal muscles

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12
Q

general visceral motor

A

smooth muscles of gut and autonomic motor

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13
Q

special visceral motor

A

muscles derived from pharyngeal arches

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14
Q

what are the 2 cranial nerves that pass through canals?

A

CN2 Optioc
CN12 Hypoglossal

only 2 so the ones with 2 in them pass through the canals

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15
Q

CN1

A

olfactory

originate from cerebrum
exits cribriform plate

special visceral sensory
- smell

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16
Q

CN2

A

optic

originate from cerebrum
exits optical canal

special somatic sensory
- vision

17
Q

CN3

A

occulomotor

originate from midbrain-pontine junction
exits superior orbital fissure

General Somatic Motor
- extrinsic eye muscles and elevator palpebral superior’s

Genera; Visceral Motor
- pupillary sphincter

18
Q

CN4

A

trochlear

originate from posterior side of midbrain
exits superior orbital fissure

General Somatic Motor
- superior oblique eye muscle

*longest intracranial length

19
Q

CN5

A

trigeminal - 3 branches

Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

20
Q

CNV1

A

ophthalmic division of trigeminal

originate from Pons
exits the superior orbital fissure

General Somatic Sensory
- scalp, forehead and nose

21
Q

CNV2

A

maxillary division of trigeminal

originate from Pons
exits the foramen rotunda

General Somatic Sensory
- cheeks, lower eye lid, nasal mucosa, upper lip and upper teeth and palate

22
Q

CNV3

A

mandibular division of trigeminal

originate from Pons
exits foramen ovale

General Somatic Sensory
- anterior 2/3 of tongue, skin over mandible and lower teeth

Somatic Visceral Motor
- muscles of masitcation

23
Q

CN6

A

abducens

originate from pontoon-medulla junction
exits the superior orbital fissure

General Somatic Motor
- lateral rectus eye muscle

24
Q

CN7

A

facial

originate from pontoon-medulla junction
exits the internal acoustic meatus and stylomastoid fovea

General Somatic Sensory
- sensation to external ear

Special Visceral Sensory
- taste anterior 2/3 of tongue, hard and soft palate

General Somatic Motor
- muscles of facial expression

General Visceral Motor
- lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual and mucous glands of mouth and nose

25
Q

CN8

A

vestibulocochlear

originate from pontoon-medulla junction
exits the internal acoustic meatus

Special Somatic Sensory
- hearing and balance

26
Q

CN9

A

glossopharyngeal

originate from medulla oblongata
exits the jugular foramen

General Somatic Sensory
- posterior 1/3 of tongue, exterior ear and middle ear cavity

General Visceral Somatic
- carotid body and sinus

Special Visceral Sensory
- taste from posterior 1/3/ of tongue

General Visceral Motor
- parotid gland

Special Visceral Motor
- stylopharyngeus

27
Q

CN10

A

vagus

originate from medulla oblongata
exits the jugular foramen

General Somatic Sensory
- exterior ear, larynx and pharynx

General Visceral Sensory
- larynx, pharynx and thoracic and abdominal viscera

Special Visceral Sensory
- taste from epiglottis region of tongue

General Visceral Motor
- smooth muscles of pharynx, larynx and most of GIT

Special Visceral Motor
- most muscles of pharynx and larynx

28
Q

CN11

A

spinal accessory

originate from medulla oblongata
exits the jugular foramen

General Somatic Motor
- trapezius and sternocleidomastois

Special Visceral Motos
- few fibres run with CNX to viscera

29
Q

CN12

A

hypoglossal

originate from medulla oblongata
exits hypoglossal canal

General Somatic Motor
- intrinsic and extrinsic tongue (except palatoglossus)

30
Q

way to remember CN order

A 
O
O
O 
To
Touch 
And 
Feel
Very 
Good 
Velvet 
Ah
H
31
Q

way to remember function type

A 
Some 
Say 
Marry 
Money 
But 
My 
Brother
Says 
Big 
Brians
Matter 
More

Nervous System BDS1 (4 decks)

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