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neurology > cranial nerves > Flashcards

cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

1

A

olfactory

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2
Q

olfactory pathway

A

receptors in olfactory epithelium of nasal cavity, olfactory nerve fibres pass through foraminifera in cribriform plate of ethmoid bone and enter olfactory bulb in the anterior cranial fossa

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3
Q

olfactory component

A

smell

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4
Q

optic pathway

A

enters via optic canal, nerves join to form optic chiasm, fibres from medial (nasal) half of each retina cross to form optic tract

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5
Q

optic component

A

vision

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6
Q

2

A

optic

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7
Q

oculomotor pathway

A

emerges from midbrain and exits via superior orbital fissure

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8
Q

3rd components

A

somatic motor - extraocular muscles (superior, medial & inferior rectus and inferior oblique) and eyelid (levator palpebrae superioris)
visceral motor - parasympathetic to pupil causing constriction and to ciliary muscle causing accommodation of the lens

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9
Q

4rth pathway

A

emerges from dorsal surface of the mid brain and exits via the superior orbital fissure

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10
Q

component of trochlear nerve 4

A

somatic motor - extraocular muscle (superior oblique turns eye downwards)

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11
Q

abducent nerve pathway

A

emerges between pons and medulla and exits exits via the superior orbital fissure

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12
Q

abducent nerve components

A

somatic motor - extraocular muscle (lateral rectus abducts the eye)

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13
Q

6th nerve

A

abducent

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14
Q

ophthalmic nerve pathway

A

emerges from the pons, travels through the trigeminal ganglion and exits via the superior orbital fissure

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15
Q

components of ophthalmic nerve

A

General sensory - from cornea, forehead, scalp, eyelids, nose and mucosa of nasal cavity and sinuses

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16
Q

trigeminal nerve pathway V2

A

emerges from the pons, travels through the trigeminal ganglion and exits via the foramen rotundum

17
Q

maxillary nerve components

A

General sensory - from face over maxilla, maxillary teeth, temperomandibular joint, mucosa of nose, maxillary sinuses and palate

18
Q

mandibular nerve pathway

A

emerges from the pons, travels through the trigeminal ganglion and exits via the foramen ovale

19
Q

mandibular nerve components

A

General sensory - from face over mandible, mandibular teeth, temperomandibular joint, mucosa of mouth & anterior 2/3rds of tongue
Somatic motor - muscles of mastication, part of digastric, tensor veli palatinin & tensor tympani

20
Q

facial nerve pathway

A

emerges between pons and medulla and exits via internal acoustic meatus, facial canal and stylomastoid foramen

21
Q

7th nerve components

A

somatic motor - muscles of facial expression & scalp, stapedius of middle ear, part of digastric muscle
visceral motor - parasympathetic innervation of submandibular & sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal glands, glands of nose & palate
special sensory - taste from anterior 2/3rd of tongue & soft palate
general sensory - from external acoustic meatus

22
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve pathway

A

emerges from between pons and medulla and exits via internal acoustic meatus, dividing into vestibular & cochlear nerves

23
Q

8th cranial nerve components

A

special sensory - vestibular sensation from semicircular ducts, utricle, saccule gives sense of position & movement
hearing from spiral organ

24
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve pathway

A

emerges from medulla and exits via jugular foramen

25
Q

9th cranial nerve components

A

special sensory - taste from posterior 3rd of tongue
general sensory - cutaneous sensations from middle ear and posterior oral cavity
visceral sensory - sensation from carotid body & carotid sinus
visceral motor - parasympathetic innervation of parotid gland
somatic motor - to stylopharyngeus, helps with swallowing

26
Q

10th cranial nerve pathway

A

emerges from medulla and exits via jugular foramen, then everywhere!

27
Q

components of vagus nerve

A

special sensory - taste from epiglottis and palate
general sensory - sensation from auricle, external acoustic meatus
visceral sensory - from pharnyx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, heart, oesophagus, stomach, intestine
visceral motor - parasympathetic innervation muscle in bronchi, gut, heart
somatic motor - to pharynx, larynx, palate & oesophagus

28
Q

accessory nerve pathway

A

small cranial (medulla) and large spinal roots exit via jugular foramen

29
Q

accessory nerve components

A

somatic motor - striated muscle of soft palate, pharynx & larynx, and to sternocleidomastoid & trapezius

30
Q

hypoglossal nerve pathway

A

emerges from medulla and exits through the hypoglossal canal

31
Q

hypoglossal nerve components

A

somatic motor - to muscles of tongue

neurology (6 decks)

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