Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 12 cranial nerves?

A
I - olfactory
II - optic
III - oculomotor
IV - trochlear
V - trigeminal
VI - abducens
VII - facial
VIII - vestibulocochlear
IX - glossopharyngeal
X - vaus
XI - accessory
XII - hypoglossal
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2
Q

Which cranial nerves are sensory, which are motor, and which are mixed?

A

Sensory:
I - olfactory
II - optic
VIII - vestibulocochlear

Motor:
III - oculomotor
IV - trochlear
VI - abducens
XI - accessory
XII - hypoglossal
Both:
V - trigeminal
VII - facial
IX - glossopharyngeal
X - vagus

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3
Q

What are the functions of the cranial nerves?

A
I olfactory - smell
II optic - vision
III oculomotor - movements of the eye
IV trochlear - movements of the eye
V trigeminal - facial sensation, motor mm mastication
VI abducens - movements of the eye

VII facial - taste anterior tongue, sensation skin of auricle, ANS salivary and lacrimal glands, mm facial expression

VIII vestibulocochlear - hearing and balance

IX glossopharyngeal - taste posterior tongue, cutaneous posterior tongue and outer ear, ANS of pharynx, larynx, viscera of thorax and abdomen, swallowing

X vagus - taste from palate and epiglottis, motor URT, GI, pharynx and larynx; sensation heart, lungs pharynx, larynx and upper GI

XI accessory - motor upper traps and SCMs
XII hypoglossal - motor tongue

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4
Q

Describe the branches of CN V

A

CN V (trigeminal) has 3 branches:

V1 (opthalmic) - through superior orbital fissure
V2 (maxillar) - through foramen rotundum
V3 (mandibular) - through foramen ovale

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5
Q

Which cranial nerves control taste?

A

CN VII facial (anterior tongue)

CN IX glossopharyngeal (posterior tongue)

  • via Solitary Nucleus in medulla and caudal pons (visceral sensory)
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6
Q

Which cranial nerves control eye movements?

A

CN III oculomotor
- via Oculomotor Nucleus (somatic motor) and Edinga-Westphall nucleus (visceral motor) in rostral midbrain

CN IV trochlear
- via Trochlear Nucleus (somatic motor) in caudal midbrain)

CN VI abducens
- via Abducens Nucleus (somatic motor) in caudal pons

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7
Q

Which cranial nerves act upon the tongue?

A

CN VII facial (taste anterior tongue)
- via Solitary Nucleus (visceral sensory) in medulla and caudal pons

CN IX glossopharyngeal (taste and sensation posterior tongue)

  • taste via Solitary Nucleus (visceral sensory) in medulla and caudal pons
  • sensation posterior tongue via Somatic Sensory / Trigeminal Nucleus (somatic sensory) in all midbrain

CN XII hypoglossal (motor)
- via Hypoglossal Nucleus (somatic motor) in rostral medulla

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8
Q

Which cranial nerve is responsible for hearing?

A

CN VIII vestibulocochlear (specifically cochlear division)

- via Cochlear Nucleus (special sensory) in rostral pons

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