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Anatomy Exam 4 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory

  • Special sensory (smell)
  • Olfactory bulb –> cribriform foramina –> olfactory nn in nasal cavity
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2
Q

CN II

A

Optic

  • Special sensory (sight)
  • Optic chiasm –> optic n. –> optic canal –> retina
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3
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor

  • Somatic motor & PNS
  • cavernous sinus –> superior orbital fissure –> muscles located in orbit or ciliary ganglion
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4
Q

CN III somatic motor targets

A
  • Levator palpebrae superioris m.

- Extraocular muscles: Superior, medial, & inferior rectus, inferior oblique

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5
Q

CN III PNS targets

A
  • Ciliary muscle

- Spincter pupillae

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6
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear

  • Somatic motor
  • Cavernous sinus –> superior orbital fissure –> superior orbit
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7
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

- Somatic sensory & somatic motor

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8
Q

CN V 3 subdivisions

A
  • Ophthalmic (CN V1)
  • Maxillary (CN V2)
  • Mandibular (CN V3)
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9
Q

Ophthalmic CN V1

A
  • Somatic sensory

- Trigeminal ganglion –> superior orbital fissure –> through orbit

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10
Q

CN V1 targets

A
  • Skin of forehead
  • Scalp
  • Upper eyelid
  • Cornea
  • Mucosa of anterior nasal cavity
  • Frontal/ethmoidal sinuses
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11
Q

Maxillary CN V2

A
  • Somatic sensory
  • Trigeminal ganglion –> foramen rotundum –> branches travel through pterygopalatine fossa to either inferior orbital fissure & orbit or inferior targets
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12
Q

CN V2 targets

A
  • Skin of face
  • Lower eyelid
  • Upper lip
  • Maxillary teeth & gingivae
  • Scalp
  • Maxillary sinuses
  • Mucosa of posterior nasal cavity
  • Hard & soft palate
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13
Q

Mandibular CN V3

A
  • Somatic sensory & motor
  • Trigeminal ganglion –> foramen ovale –> branches (lingual n.) & travels inferior, posterior, or anterior to targets
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14
Q

CN V3 somatic sensory targets

A
  • Portion of scalp near anterior auricle
  • External tympanic membrane
  • Skin of face
  • Cheek
  • Lower lip
  • Mandibular teeth & gingivae
  • TMJ
  • Anterior 2/3rds tongue
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15
Q

CN V3 somatic motor targets

A 
- Muscles of mastication 
(temporalis, masseter, lateral & medial pterygoids) 
- Mylohyoid 
- Anterior belly of digastric  
- Tensor veli palatini 
- Tensor tympani mm
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16
Q

CN VI

A

Abducent

  • Somatic motor only
  • Cavernous sinus –> superior orbital fissure –> lateral orbit
  • Target: lateral rectus muscle
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17
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

  • Somatic motor, special sensory, PNS, & SNS
  • Internal acoustic meatus –> facial canal –> gives off 3 branches (chorda tympani, branch to stapedius, greater petrosal) –> facial canal via stylomastoid foramen –> travels inferiorly
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18
Q

CN VII Chorda tympani pathway

A
  • Middle ear –> hitchhike on lingual n –> anterior & posterior to targets OR –> submandibular ganglion –> oral cavity
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19
Q

CN VII special sensory target

A

Anterior 2/3rds of tongue (taste)

20
Q

CN VII PNS via chorda tympani pathway

A

Submandibular & sublingual glands

21
Q

CN VII greater petrosal pathway

A

Exit temporal bone –> joins w/ deep petrosal n –> pterygoid canal –> pterygopalatine ganglion –> hitchhike on CN V2 –> travels anteriorly

22
Q

CN VII PNS/SNS target via greater petrosal pathway

A

Lacrimal gland & mucosa of nasal cavity

23
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

  • Special sensory
  • Internal acoustic meatus –> divides into vestibular & cochlear nn –> inner ear
24
Q

CN VIII targets

A
  • Vestibular n: vestibule & semicircular canals

- Cochlear n: cochlea (hearing)

25
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

  • Somatic sensory, visceral sensory, special sensory, somatic motor, PNS
  • Jugular foramen –> tympanic n –> travels inferiorly to most targets
26
Q

CN IX somatic motor target

A

Stylopharyngeus

27
Q

CN IX visceral sensory target

A

Carotid body & sinus

28
Q

CN IX somatic sensory target

A
  • Mucosa of oropharynx
  • Posterior 1/3 of tongue
  • Soft palate
29
Q

CN IX special sensory target

A

Posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste)

30
Q

Tympanic nerve pathway

A

Re-enters skull through temporal bone –> through middle ear –> lesser petrosal branch exits middle ear –> foramen ovale –> otic ganglion –> hitchhikes on auriculotemporal branch of CN V3

31
Q

Tympanic n targets

A
  • Somatic sensory: internal surface of tympanic membrane

- PNS: parotid gland

32
Q

CN X

A

Vagus

  • Somatic sensory, special sensory, somatic motor in head/neck
  • Provides PNS to targets in thorax & abdomen
33
Q

CN X pathway

A

Jugular foramen –> travels inferiorly –> gives off superior laryngeal branch near hyoid –> travels inferiorly –> branches into recurrent laryngeal n –> travel around aortic arch & brachiocephalic trunk superiorly to larynx

34
Q

CN X somatic motor targets

A
  • Pharyngeal constrictors
  • Muscles of palate (levator veil palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus)
  • Esophagus
35
Q

CN X special sensory targets

A

Epiglottis & palate

36
Q

Superior laryngeal pathway

A

Branches into internal branch & external branch

37
Q

CN X somatic sensory target via superior laryngeal pathway

A

Laryngeal mucosa superior to vocal folds

38
Q

CN X somatic motor target via superior laryngeal pathway

A

Cricothyroid muscle

39
Q

Recurrent laryngeal pathway

A

After traveling around aortic arch & brachiocephalic trunk, changes name in larynx to inferior laryngeal n

40
Q

CN X somatic motor targets via recurrent laryngeal pathway

A
  • Intrinsic muscles of larynx (transverse & oblique arytenoid mm, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid, thyroarytenoid)
41
Q

CN X somatic sensory targets via recurrent laryngeal pathway

A

Laryngeal mucosa inferior to vocal folds

42
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory

  • Somatic motor
  • Superior spinal cord –> enters skull via foramen magnum –> exits via jugular foramen –> neck muscles
43
Q

CN XI targets

A
  • Sternocleidomastoid

- Trapezius

44
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

  • Somatic motor
  • Hypoglossal canal –> travels inferiorly medial to tongue –> anteriorly toward instrinsic & extrinsic tongue muscles
45
Q

CN XII targets

A
  • Intrinsic tongue

- Extrinsic tongue (hyoglossus, genioglossus, styloglossus)

Anatomy Exam 4 (4 decks)

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