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NB 1 Head and Neck Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

CN I

A
  • olfactory nerve
  • The crista galli is a median ridge of bone that projects from the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone.
  • The olfactory bulbs lie on either side of the crista galli on top of the cribriform plate
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2
Q

CN II

A
  • optic nerve
  • passes through the optic canal
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3
Q

name the 4 cranial nerves that carry preganglionic PS fibers out of the CNS

A

preganglionic cell bodies are found in nuclei inside the CNS

  • Edinger Westphal nucleus (CN III)
  • superior salivatory nucleus (CN VII)
  • inferior salivatory nucleus (CN IX)
  • dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (CN X)
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4
Q

describe CN III

A
  • oculomotor nerve
  • exits cranial vault and enters orbit through sup. orbital fissure
  • motor to elevator of upper eyelid and 4 extraocular muscles
  • parasymp. preganglionic fibers -> synapse at ciliary ganglion -> postganglionic fibers to ciliary muscle and pupillary constrictor
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5
Q

describe the pupillary light reflex

A
  • CN II = afferent limb
  • CN III = efferent limb (parasymp. component)
  • Light in R eye -> R pupil constricts (direct light reflex) AND L pupil constricts (consensual reflex)
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6
Q

describe the accomodation reflex

A
  • CN II (afferent limb) and CN III which is the PS component (efferent limb)
  • attempt to focus on near object -> pupil constricts (pupillary constrictor muscle)
  • the lens “fattens up” (ciliary muscles contract) for increased refraction
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7
Q

describe function of CN IV

A
  • IV = trochlear nerve
  • motor to 1 extraocular muscle; superior oblique
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8
Q

CN III, IV, VI

A
  • III = oculomotor nerve
  • IV = trochlear nerve
  • VI = aducens nerve
  • passes through the superior orbital fissure (in sphenoid bone)
    • V-1 also passes through SOF
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9
Q

describe function of V-1

A
  • opthalmic: exits via superior orbital fissure
  • sensory to eye, forehead, part of nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses meninges (dura mata)
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10
Q

describe function of CN V2

A
  • maxillary
  • 2nd portion of the trigeminal nerve
  • passes through the f. rotundum (rotwondum)
  • entirely sensory to cheek, upper lip, lower eyelid, and upper teeth, part of paranasal sinuses, tympanic membrane, meninges
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11
Q

describe function of CN V3

A
  • mandibular
  • 3rd portion of the trigeminal nerve
  • passes through the f. ovale (ovalthree)
  • sensory: lower lip, lower teeth, chin, ant. 2/3 of tongue, meninges (dura mata)
  • motor: mandibular nerve (muscles of 1st pharyngeal arch)
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12
Q

describe the sensory innervation of CN V

A
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13
Q

describe function of CN VI

A
  • abducens nerve
  • motor to one extraocular muscle, the lateral rectus
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14
Q
A
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15
Q

describe CN VII

A
  • exits cranial vault through internal acoustic meatus with CN VIII
  • travels through facial canal in temporal bone and exits skull via stylomastoid foramen (main motor branch)
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16
Q

describe the motor branch of CN VII

A
  • motor branch exits the temporal bone at the stylomastoid foramen and passes through the parotid salivary gland
  • motor to muscles of 2nd pharyngeal arch:
    • stapedius
    • auricular muscles
    • stlohyoid
    • digastric (post. belly)
    • muscles of facial expression
  • preganglionic PS fibers for all glands in the head EXCEPT parotid gland
  • special sense (taste) from ant. 2/3 of tongue
  • general sensation from a small part of outer ear
17
Q

name the motor branches of CN VII

A

Two Zebra Bit My Clavicle

18
Q

what are the 2 branches of CN VII carrying preganglionic PS fibers?

A
  1. greater petrosal nerve -> pterygopalatine ganglion
  2. chorda tympani -> submandibular ganglion to submandiular and sublingual salivary glands
19
Q

describe CN VIII

A
  • VIII = vestibulocochlear nerve
    • passes through internal acoustic meatus
  • involved in special senses:
    • hearing (cochlear nerve)
    • aiding balance: head rotation/movement sense (vestibular nerve)
20
Q

CN IX, X, XI

A
  • IX = glossopharyngeal nerve
  • X = vagus nerve
  • XI = accesssory nerve
  • passes through jugular foramen
21
Q

CN XII

A
  • XII = hypoglossal nerve
  • passes through hypoglossal canal
22
Q

describe CN IX

A
  • glossopharyngeal nerve
    • passes through jugular forament w/ CN X and XI
  • general sensation from most of pharynx, posterior 1/3 of tongue, palatine tonsil, middle ear mucosa and tympanic membrane
  • PS (preganglionic) fibers for parotid salivary gland
  • motor for stylopharyngeus muscle
  • visceral afferents from carotid sinus and carotid body

NB 1 Head and Neck Anatomy (15 decks)

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