Cranial Nerves Flashcards
Cranial Nerves
Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Auditory (Vesitbulocochlear), Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Spinal Accessory, Hypoglossal
Special Sensory Nerves
Olfactory [I], Optic [II], Vetibulocochlear [VIII]
SVA, SSA, SSA
Myotomal Nerves
Oculomotor [III], Trochlear [IV], Abducens [VI], Hypoglossal [XII]
GSE/GVE, GSE, GSE, GSE
Branchiomeric Nerves
Trigeminal [V] - Save Gas - Branchial Arch 1
Facial [VII] - Save Gas, Give Saliva - Branchial Arch 2
Glossopharyngeal [IX] - Save Gas, Give Saliva to Godiva - Branchial Arch 3
Vagus [X] - Save Gas, Give Saliva to Godiva - Branchial Arch 4
Spinal Accessory [XI] - Save Geese - Branchial Arch 5-6
Olfactory
CN I Special Sensory Nerve SVA (Sensory) Smell Exit: Cribiform plate (Ethmoid) Tract, NOT nerve Olfactory bulbs
Optic
CN II Special Sensory Nerve SSA (Sensory) Vision Exit: Optic canal (Sphenoid) Tract, NOT nerve Optic chiasm
Oculomotor
CN III
Myotomal Nerve
GSE, GVE (Motor)
Eye movement (levator palpebrae superioris, superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique) –> GSE
Pupillary constriction (sphincter pupillae muscle and ciliary muscles) –> GVE preganglionic parasympathetic synapsing in ciliary ganglion
Exit: Wall of cavernous sinus to superior orbital fissure
Trochlear
CN IV Myotomal Nerve GSE (Motor) Eye movement - Superior oblique muscle Exit: Wall of cavernous sinus to superior orbital fissure
Trigeminal
CN V
Branchiomeric Nerve
1st Branchial Arch
SVE, GSA (Sensory and Motor)
Three major branches: 1) Opthalmic, 2) Maxillary, 3) Mandibular
Facial sensation and muscles of mastication
Opthalmic
CN V(1)
GSA (Sensory)
Sensation from eyes and nose
Exit: Wall of cavernous sinus to superior orbital fissure
Maxillary
CN V(2) GSA (Sensory) Sensation from middle of face (including nose, upper jaw) Exit: Foramen rotundum *Pterygopalatine ganglia
Mandibular
CN V(3) SVE (Motor) and GSA (Sensory) Sensation from lower jaw Muscles of mastication Exit: Foramen ovale
Abducens
CN VI Myotomal Nerve GSE (Motor) Eye abduction - lateral rectus muscle Exit: Cavernous sinus to superior orbital fissure
Facial
CN VII
Branchiomeric Nerve
2 Branchial Arch
SVE GSA GVE SVA Muscles of facial expression (SVE) Ear sensation (GSA) Parasympathetic secretion: lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual, nasal and oral glands (GVE) Taste: anterior 2/3rds of tongue (SVA)
Sensory and motor roots exit through internal acoustic meatus and fuse to form nerve –> Geniculate ganglion
Greater petrosal nerve, Nerve to stapedius, Chorda tympani
Exit: Stylostoid foramen
Branches: Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical
Vestibulocochlear
CN VIII Special Sensory Nerve SSA (Sensory) Vestibular --> Balance Cochlear --> Hearing Exit: Internal acoustic meatus
Glossopharyngeal
CN IX
Branchiomeric Nerve
3rd Branchial Arch
SVE GSA GVE SVA GVA (Sensory and Motor)
Stylopharyngeus muscle (SVE)
Sensation: posterior 1/3rd of tongue, oropharynx, middle ear; pharyngotympanic tube (GSA)
Parasympathetic secretion parotid gland (GVE)
Taste: Posterior 1/3rd of tongue (SVA)
Sensation: carotid body and sinus (GVA)
Exit: Jugular foramen
Vagus
CN X
Branchiomeric Nerve
4th Branchial Arch
SVE GSA GVE SVA GVA
Muscles of pharynx, larynx and soft palate (SVE)
Sensation of larynx, and ear (GSA)
Parasympathetic innervation of gut (GVE)
Taste: epiglottis and pharynx (SVA)
Sensation of thoracic and abdominal viscera (GVA)
Exit: Jugular foramen
Accessory
CN XI Branchiomeric Nerve 5th and 6th Branchial Arches SVE GSE (Motor) 2 Roots: Cranial and Spinal
Cranial Root –> larynx muscles except cricothyroid (SVE)
Spinal Root –> Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid (GSE)
Spinal root enters through Foramen Magnum
Exit: Jugular foramen - cranial root then follows Vagus
Hypoglossal
CN XII Myotomal Nerve GSE (Motor) Tongue Muscles Exit: Hypoglossal canal
