Branchial Arches

Question 1

Branchial Arch 1

Answer 1

Skeleton: Meckel’s cartilage, Upper parts of malleus and incus

Muscle: Muscles of mastication, Mylohyoid, Ant. belly of digastric, Tensor veli palatini, Tensor tympani

Nerve: Trigeminal [V]

Artery: 1st pair of aortic arches, Remaining parts of maxillary AA

Question 2

Branchial Arch 2

Answer 2

Skeleton: Lower parts of malleus and incus, Stapes, Styloid process, Upper body of hyoid

Muscle: Facial expression, Stapedius, Stylohyoid, Post. belly of digastric

Nerve: Facial [VII]

Artery: 2nd pair of aortic arches, Stems of stapedial AA

Question 3

Branchial Arch 3

Answer 3

Skeleton: Lower part of hyoid

Muscle: Stylopharengeus

Nerve: Glossopharyngeal [IX]

Artery: 3rd pair of aortic arches, Proximal parts of common carotid AA, Distal parts of internal carotid AA

Question 4

Branchial Arch 4

Answer 4

Skeleton: Thyroid cartilage

Muscle: Cricothyroid, Pharyngeal constrictors, Levator veli palatini, Palatoglossus, Palatopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus

Nerve: Vagus [X]

Artery: 4th pair of aortic arches, (Left) Part of aortic arch, (Right) Part of R Subclavian

Question 5

Branchial Arch 5

Answer 5

NOTHING

Question 6

Branchial Arch 6

Answer 6

Skeleton: Cricoid cartilage

Muscle: Intrinsic muscles of pharynx EXCEPT cricothyroid, Pharyngeal constrictors, Levator veli palatini, Palatoglossus, Palatopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus

Nerve: Cranial root of spinal accessory [XI] via vagus [X]

Artery: 6th pair of aortic arches, (Proximal) Pulmonary AA, (Distal) L - ductus arteriosus, R - none

Question 7

Skeletal Components

Answer 7

1) Meckel’s cartilage, top parts of incus and malleus
2) Bottom parts of incus and malleus, stapes, styloid process, upper body of hyoid
3) Lower body of hyoid
4) Thyroid cartilage
6) Cricoid cartilage

Question 8

Muscular Components

Answer 8

1) Muscles of mastication, Mylohyoid, Anterior belly of digastric
2) Facial expression, Stapedius, Stylohyoid, Posterior belly of digastric
3) Stylopharengeus
4) Cricothyroid + commons
6) Intrinsic muscles of the pharynx EXCEPT cricothyroid + commons

Common arches 4-6: Pharyngeal constrictors, Levator veli palatini, Palatoglossus, Palatopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus

Question 9

Branchiomeric Nerves

Answer 9

V
VII
IX
X
XI

Question 10

Branchial Grooves

Answer 10

Grooves between the Branchial Arches

1 –> External acoustic meatus
2-4 –> Temporarily common cervical sinus

Question 11

Pharyngeal Pouches

Answer 11

1 -> Auditory tube + middle ear
2 -> NOTHING
3 -> Thymus + Inf. Parathyroid Glands
4 -> Sup. Parathyroid Glands + Ultimobranchial body
5 -> Part of 4th

Question 12

Branchial Membranes

Answer 12

Exist where epithelia of grooves and pouches meet

Temporary; 1 gives rise to tympanic membrane