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Neuro > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is parasympathetic function of the oculomotor nerve?

A

pupillary constriction and lens accomodation

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2
Q

what is sensory of facial nerve?

A

anterior 2/3 of tongue and the chordae tymopani does the taste. Also does ear and external tempanic membrane

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3
Q

What is sensory and parasympathetic of glossopharyngeal?

A

posterior tongue taste and sensory, carotid body/ sinus, upper pharynx, and internal tempanic membrane. Parasympathetic is parotid gland

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4
Q

What is sensory and parasympathetic of vagus nerve?

A

lower pharynx and larynx, viscera, aortic arch. Parasympathetics is the gland of pharynx and larynx and viscera

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5
Q

Oculomotor nucleus and location

A

oculomotor and Edinger Westphal (para) and midbrain

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6
Q

trochlear nucleus and location

A

trochlear and midbrain

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7
Q

trigeminal nucleus and location

A

Trigeminal (sensory)
Motor nucleus of trigeminal (motor)
medulla and pons

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8
Q

abducens nucleus and location

A

abducens (motor) in pons

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9
Q

facial nucleus and location

A

Facial motor (motor)
Trigeminal (sensory) medulla
Solitarius -Gustatory (sensory)
Superior Salivatory (parasympathetic)
the rest is pons

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10
Q

vestibulocochlear nucleus and location

A

vestibular, dorsal/ventral cochlear and all medulla and pons

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11
Q

glossopharyngeal nucleus and location

A

Ambiguus (motor & parasympathetic)
Inferior Salivatory (parasympathetic)
Solitarius (sensory)
Solitarius-Gustatory (sensory) > pons
Trigeminal (sensory)
everything else medulla

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12
Q

vagus nucleus and location

A

ambigous (motor/ para), dorsal vagal (para), solitarius (sensory), trigeminal (sensory) and medulla

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13
Q

spinal accessory nucleus and location

A

spinal accessory and medulla

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14
Q

glossopharyngeal nucleus and location

A

hypoglossal and medulla

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15
Q

What is efferent 2 neuron path?

A

upper motor goes from cerebrum to nuclei, and lower motor goes from nuclei to muscle

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16
Q

What is 3 nerve efferent pathway?

A

1st neuron brings info from sensory ganglia to CN nuclei, the second neuron brings info from nuclei to thalamus, and third neuron is thalamus relaying to cortex

17
Q

What is 3 neuron visceral (autonomic) motor path?

A

first neuron is from cortex to CN nuclei, second neuron is from CN nuclei to ganglia, and third neuron from ganglia to smooth muscle or secreting cells

18
Q

Where does olfactory nerve project

A

pyriform area, entorhinal cortex, and amygdala

19
Q

Edinger Westphal Nucleus

A

Innervates constrictor pupillae muscle & ciliary body (accommodation reflex)
Synapses on ciliary ganglion –gives rise to short ciliary nerves

20
Q

Superior Oblique nerve, function

A

trochlear nerve and depresses and abducts eye medially (intorsion)

21
Q

Lateral rectus function and nerve

A

abduction and abducens. This projects ipsilateral and exits the superior oribital fissure like superior oblique trochlear

22
Q

How does accommodation reflex work?

A

Sphincter pupillary muscle in iris contracts: pupils constrict and get Smaller Pupil, flat lens “miosis”. Ciliary muscles contract: decreased tension on suspensory ligament Thicker Lens

23
Q

Light reflex pathway

A

stimulus in eye> pretectal nucleus>axons project in posterior commissure>Edinger Westphal Nucleus>ciliary ganglion>pupillary constriction

24
Q

How is lateral gaze coordinated between abducens and oculomotor?

A

signals from eye go to superior colliculus in midbrain, while oculomotor nucleus in midbrain goes to medial rectus. The superior colliculus projects to lateral gaze center this causes projection to lateral rectus . The medial longitudinal fasciculus connects these two paths.

25
Q

What happens if you get lesion of medial longitudinal fasiculus?

A

it cannot relay info from superior colliculus tot he oculomotor nucleus so you would lose medial rectus of eye with lesion and contralateral eye would be nystagmus of abducting eye

26
Q

Where’s trigeminal sensory nucleus and motor nucleus?

A

sensory is in the midbrain and does orofacial. Motor is in the pons and does mastification. Pons also has chief sensory that does discriminative touch, vibration, proprioception. And spinal trigeminal nucleus does pain/ temperature

27
Q

Location and function of facial nerve nuclei

A

Fascial motor is medial/medial pons, does facial expression.
Superior Salivatory is medial/ anterior pons that does parasympathetics to glands.
Nucleus Solitarius is located between abducens and facial nuclei in pons and does taste of anterior tongue.

28
Q

Where is trigeminal nucleus for ear sensory?

A

lateral medulla and does sensory to the concha of ear and skin behind ear, external auditory meatus and tympanic membrane

29
Q

How does facial motor control of face differ between upper and lower?

A

bilateral control of upper fascial muscles and contralateral of lower facial muscles

30
Q

How does blink reflex work?

A

The opthalamic nerve does sensory portion and synapes at trigeminal nucleus, this is relayed to facial motor nucleus to cause contraction of orbicularis oculi

31
Q

How do you test for cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII?

A

IX = gag reflex
X = gag reflex
XI = lift shoulders
XII = tongue movement

32
Q

What are nuclei of CN IX?

A

ambiguous which does motor of stylopharyngeus, inferior salivatory which does parasymp of parotid, the solitarius, and trigeminal which does posterior tongue sensory. All nuclei located in medulla

33
Q

How does vagus affect viscera?

A

slows heart rate, stimulates increased bronchial secretion and constriction, and stimulates GI motility.

34
Q

what are nuclei of vagus nerve and functions?

A
  1. Ambigous - constricts, levator palate, and intrinsic muscles of larynx and tongue
  2. Ambigous para - cardiac muscle
  3. dorsal vagal - smooth muscle and glands
  4. trigeminal - does sensory of acoustic meatus
  5. nucleus solitarius - sensory of aortic arch and throat viscera
35
Q

How does gag reflex work?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve synapses on spinal nucleus and this is relayed to vagus nerve ambigous nuclei to cause contraction of levator palatine

36
Q

Spinal accessory does contralateral… and ipsilateral…

A

contralateral trapezius and ipsilateral SCM

37
Q

What’s path for spinal accessory nerves?

A

cortex projects to contralateral LMN to contralateral trapezius to raise shoulder. Or cortex will project to ipsilateral LMN to ipsilateral SCM to turn head

38
Q

How can you tell if you have a UMNL or LMNL of hypoglossal nerve?

A

UMNL of genioglossus causes tongue to deviate towards opposite side of lesion, and LMNL deviates towards same side of lesion. You knot the side of lesion because there’s fasciulations on side of lesion

Neuro (11 decks)

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