Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical anatomy 1 > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

name CN I

A

Olfactory nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CNS origin for CN I

A

Cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nuclei origin for CN I

A

Nasal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Skull opening CN I exits/enters

A

Cribriform foramina of ethmoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Target structures of CN I

A

Nasal mucus (nasal passageways)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Axon function of CN I

A

Sensory (special sense= smell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name CN II

A

Olfactory nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nuclei origin of CN II

A

Ganglion cells of retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Skull opening CN II enters/exits

A

Optic Canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Target structures for CN II

A

Eyes (retina)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Axon function for CN II

A

Sensory (vision)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name CN III

A

Oculomotor nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the cells of origin for CN III (Motor and Parasympathetic)

A

Motor: oculomotor nucleus

Parasympathetic :accessory oculomotor nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the skull openings CN III enters/exits

A

Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the target structures for CN III motor branches superior ramus

A

levator palepbrae superioris muscle (upper eyelid)

Superior rectus muscle (elevates eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the target structures for CN III parasympathetic nerves?

A 
Ciliary bodies (lets eye adjust focal point to far/close)
Iris (constriction)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the target structures for CN III inferior ramus of Motor?

A 
Medial rectus (look inward)
Inferior rectus (look downward)
Inferior oblique (look downward)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the axon functions for CN III

A

Motor & parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What ganglia is associated with CN III?

A

Ciliary ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What nerve does CN III’s parasympathetic tract hitchhike on?

A

Short Ciliary Nerve of V1 (Ophthalmic) of Trigeminal nerve)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What nerve is the Ciliary ganglion suspended from?

A

Short ciliary nerve of Opthalmic nerve of Trigeminal nerve (V1 of nerve V)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN IV?

A

Midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where are the cells of origin for CN IV?

A

Trochlear nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What skull openings does CN IV nerve enter/exit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the target structure of CN IV

A

superior oblique muscle (eye looks down & out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the axon function of CN IV

A

Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the name of V1 nerve?

A

Opthalmic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What nerve does V1 originate from?

A

Trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the CNS origin of V1 nerve?

A

Pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where do the cells of origin start for V1 nerve?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What skull openings does the main part of V1 enter/exit?

A

Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What skull openings/exits do the branches of V1 enter/exit? (Name by branch)

A

1) Anterior ethmoid nerve: anterior ethmoidal foramen
2) Posterior ethmoid nerve: posterior ethmoidal foramen
3) Supraorbital nerve: Supraorbital foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are the target structures for the lacrimal branch of V1?

A

1) lacrimal gland

2) skin on lateral aspect of upper eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the target structures for the frontal branch of V1?

A

1) skin of forehead (Supraorbital)

2) skin of medial forehead (supratrochlear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are the target structures for the Nasociliary branch of V1?

A

1) mucosa of frontal & ethmoid sinuses AND skin on nose (anterior ethmoid)
2) mucosa of sphenoidal & ethmoidal sinuses AND superior nasal cavity (posterior ethmoid)
3) eye (long ciliary)
4) eye + parasympathetic via CN III (short ciliary)
5) skin on the bridge of the nose (infratrochlear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What are the axon functions of V1

A

Sensory only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What ganglia and type is associated with V1

A

Trigeminal sensory nucleus is the ganglion & it’s sensory!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What other parasympathetic nerves and from where is V1 associated with/ allows “hitch hikers” from?

A

1) Cilary ganglion from CN III (parasympathetic) & short ciliary parasympathetic to ciliary bodies in eyes
2) parasympathetic from CN VII from the communicating branch off of the lacrimal nerve to V2 (which has the VII ganglion) & then carries the parasympathetic nerve to the lacrimal gland.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the name for V2 nerve?

A

Maxillary nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What nerve does V2 originate from?

A

Trigeminal nerve (V)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is the CNS origin of V2?

A

Pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Where are the cells of origin of V2 from?

A

Trigeminal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the main skull opening V2 enters/exits

A

Foramen rotundum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What other skull openings do branches of V2 exit/enter

A

1) inferior orbital fissure (zygomatic)
2) pterygomaxillary fissure (posterior superior alveolar)
3) Sphenopalatine foramen (nasopalatine)
4) greater palatine foramen (greater palatine nerve)
5) lesser palatine foramen (lesser palatine nerve)
6) Palatovaginal canal (pharyngeal n.)
7) infraorbital foramen (infraorbital n.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What are the target structures of V2?

A

1) skin of the mid face
2) teeth
3) mucus membranes of the upper palate
4) nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the axon function of V2?

A

Sensory!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What ganglia is associated with V2?

A

Trigeminal sensory nuclei

48
Q

Additional structures of V2?

A

1) pterygopalatine fossa: where most of the nerves run through to enter respective foramen
2) Pterygopalatine ganglion is from CN VII (parasympathetic) & suspends in pterygopalatine fossa & follows peripheral nerves —> for example to larcrimal glad via V1 from the communicating branch

49
Q

What is name of V3 nerve?

A

Mandibular nerve

50
Q

What is the nerve origin of V3 nerve?

A

Trigeminal

51
Q

What is the CNS origin of V3?

A

Pons

52
Q

What are cells of origin for V3?

A

1) Sensory: Trigeminal ganglia

2) Motor: Trigeminal motor nuclei

53
Q

What is the main skull opening V3 enters/exits

A

Foramen ovale

54
Q

What additional skull openings does V3 enter/exit?

A

1) Foramen spinosum (meningeal n.)
2) Mandibular foramen (mental n.)
3) mental foramen (mental n.)

55
Q

What are the target structures of the motor part of V3?

A

1) muscles of mastication:
a) temporalis (deep temporal n.)
b) masseter (masseteric n.)
c) lateral pterygoid (lat. pterygoid n.)
d) medial pterygoid (medial pterygoid n.)

2) Suprahyoid muscles:
a) mylohyoid
b) anterior digastric

56
Q

What are the target structures of sensory of V3?

A

1) skin of lower face
2) anterior 2/3 of tongue
3) mouth
4) mandibular teeth
5) ear

57
Q

What are the axon functions for V3?

A

1) motor

2) sensory

58
Q

What is different about V3 motor nerves?

A

V3 motor nerves are from the 1st pharyngeal arch (mandibular arch) & originate from embryonic pharyngeal arches for motor as opposed to somites that formed all other muscles/motor nerves.

59
Q

What ganglia is associated with V3?

A

Trigeminal sensory nuclei

60
Q

What additional structures are related to V3?

A

1) Submandibular ganglion from CN VII —> suspended from & follows lingual nerve to tongue
2) Otic ganglion from CN IX —> suspended from & follows auriculotemporal nerve to the parotid gland
Both are parasympathetic innervation!

61
Q

What is the name for CN VI?

A

Abducens nerve

62
Q

What is the CNS origin of CN VI?

A

Pons

63
Q

What is the cells of origin for CN VI?

A

Abducens nuclei

64
Q

What is the target structure for CN VI?

A

Lateral rectus muscle

65
Q

What skull openings does CN VI enter/exit

A

Superior orbital fissure

66
Q

What is the axon function for CN VI?

A

Motor

67
Q

Name for CN VII

A

Facial nerve

68
Q

What is the CNS origin for CN VII?

A

Pons

69
Q

What are the cells of origin for CN VII: list for each type of function…

A

1) Motor: Facial motor nucleus
2) Sensory: Geniculate ganglion
3) Parasympathetic: superior salivary nucleus

70
Q

What is the main skull opening CN VII enters/exits?

A

Internal auditory meatus

71
Q

What additional openings do branches of CN VII travel through?

A

1) Hiatus of greater petrosal nerve (Greater Petrosal Nerve —> sensory & parasympathetic)
2) Stylomastoid foramen (Main root —> motor & sensory)
3) Petrotympanic fissure (Chorda Tympani —> sensory & parasympathetic)

72
Q

What are the target structures for the motor aspect of CN VII?

A

Muscles of facial expression + stylohyoid + posterior digastric

73
Q

What’s different about CN VII’s motor aspect?

A

Motor nerves originate from pharyngeal arch #2 (hyoid arch)!

74
Q

What are the target structures for the sensory aspect of CN VII?

A

Two types of sensory:
1) typical sensing & proprioception:
posterior ear, external auditory meatus, tympanic membrane, facial muscle
2) Taste! [anterior 2/3 of tongue & taste of palate!]

75
Q

What are the target structures for the parasympathetic aspect of CN VII?

A

1) lacrimal gland (tears)
2) palate/nasopharyngeal mucosa (snot)
3) sublingual gland (spit)
4) submandibular gland (spit)

76
Q

What are the axon functions for CN VII?

A

1) Motor
2) Sensory + Special sense (taste)
3) parasympathetic

77
Q

What ganglia are associated with CN VII?

A

1) sensory: geniculate ganglion
2) special sense (taste): nucleus solitarius
3) parasympathetic:
a) submandibular ganglion
b) pterygopalatine ganglion

78
Q

What additional structures are part of CN VII?

A

1) Main root (motor & sensory to muscles of facial expression & posterior ear)
2) Chorda tympani (sensory & parasympathetic to tongue/sublingual/submandibular)
3) Greater petrosal nerve (sensory & parasympathetic to the pterygopalatine fossa (and ultimately to the palate & lacrimal gland)

79
Q

Name CN VIII?

A

Vestibulocochlear

80
Q

What is CNS origin of CN VIII?

A

Pons

81
Q

What are the cells of origin for CN VIII?

A

1) Vestibular ganglion (vestibular sense)

2) Spiral ganglion (hearing sense)

82
Q

Main skull openings CN VIII enters/exits

A

Internal auditory meatus

83
Q

Target structures for CN VIII:

A

1) hair cells of ampulla ray crests in semicircular ducts (vestibular sense)
2) hair cells of spiral organ (cochlear/ hearing sense)

84
Q

Axon functions of CN VIII

A

Special senses: 1) vestibular 2) hearing

85
Q

Associated ganglia for CN VIII

A

Sensory ganglia:

1) Vestibular nuclei
2) dorsal/ventricle cochlear nuclei

86
Q

What is name of CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

87
Q

What is CNS origin of CN IX?

A

Medulla

88
Q

What are cells of origin for CN IX?

A

1) motor: nucleus ambiguous
2) sensory : superior ganglion & inferior ganglion
3) parasympathetic : inferior salivatory nucleus

89
Q

Main skull opening CN IX enters/exits

A

Jugular foramen

90
Q

Other skull openings CN IX enters/exits

A 
Tympanic cannaliculus (parasympathetic & sensory enter/exit in ear region)
Foramen ovale (parasympathetic enters/exits to get to V3 for otic ganglion)
91
Q

What are the target structures for CN IX?

A

1) motor: stylopharyngeus muscle
2) parasympathetic: parotid gland via otic ganglion
3) sensory:
a) proprioception/touch: tonsils, tympanic of inner ear, gag reflex of upper pharynx
b) special sense: taste: posterior 1/3 tongue
c) special sense: visceral: carotid body (chemoreception) & carotid sinus (baroreception)

92
Q

What is different about motor aspect of CN IX?

A

Motor nerve of CN IX is from the 3rd pharyngeal arch (stylopharyngeal arch!) & innervates stylopharyngeusl muscle!

93
Q

What are the axon functions for CN IX?

A

1) motor
2) parasympathetic
3) sensory

94
Q

What ganglia are associated with CN IX?

A

1) otic ganglion (parasympathetic)
2) Trigeminal sensory nucleus (regular sensory)
3) Nucleus solitarius (special senses)

95
Q

Additional structures for CN IX?

A

1) tympanic nerve (sensory + parasympathetic)

2) lesser petrosal nerve (parasympathetic)

96
Q

Name of CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

97
Q

CNS origin of CN XII?

A

Medulla

98
Q

Cells of origin for CN XII?

A

Hypoglossal nucleus

99
Q

Skull openings CN XII enters/exits

A

Hypoglossal canal

100
Q

Target structures for CN XII?

A

Genioglossus, styloglossus, Hyoglossus, intrinsic muscles of tongue

101
Q

Axon function of CN XII?

A

Motor

102
Q

Name CN XI

A

Accessory nerve

103
Q

What is CNS origin of CN XI?

A

Spinal cord

104
Q

What are spinal nerves for CN XI?

A

C1-C5

105
Q

What openings in skull does CN XI enter/exit?

A

1) foramen magnum

2) jugular foramen

106
Q

What are the target structures for CN XI?

A

1) Sternocleidomastoid muscle

2) trapezius muscle

107
Q

What is the axon function for CN XI?

A

Motor

108
Q

Name CN X?

A

Vagus nerve

109
Q

What is CNS origin of CN X?

A

Medulla

110
Q

What are cells of origin for CN X?

A

1) motor: nucleus ambiguous
2) parasympathetic: dorsal motor nucleus
3) sensory: superior & inferior ganglion

111
Q

What skull openings does CN X enter/exit

A

Jugular foramen

112
Q

What are target structures for motor of CN X?

A

Muscles of pharynx, intrinsic laryngeal muscles, palate, upper 2/3 of esophagus, cricothyroid, inferior pharyngeal constrictor, levator veli palatini

113
Q

What are the parasympathetic target structures for CN X?

A

Mucosa of palate, mucosa of pharynx, mucosa of vocal cords & trachea, viscera of thorax & abdomen

114
Q

What are the sensory target structures of CN X?

A

1) touch/proprioception: skin of ears, external auditory meatus, dura of posterior cranial fossa
2) taste: epiglottis and palate
3) Viscera: baroreception of aortic arch, viscera of thorax/abdomen

115
Q

What is different about motor aspect of CN X?

A

Motor aspect come from both 4th & 6th pharyngeal arches [4th: superior laryngeal [cricothyroid m.] [6th: recurrent laryngeal [intrinsic laryngeal m.]

116
Q

What ganglia are associated with CN X?

A

1) superior ganglia [sensory]
2) inferior ganglia [sensory]
3) ganglia in/on/near viscera [parasympathetic]
4) spinal Trigeminal nucleus [sensory]

Clinical anatomy 1 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions