Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

4th yr- CMS- Neuroanatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

List the cranial nerves

A 
Olfactory 
Optic 
Oculomotor
Troclear 
Trigeminal
Abducens 
Facial 
Vestibulocochlear 
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory
Hypoglossal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do almost all the cranial nerves originate from

A

Brainstem apart from I and II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many cranial nerves do we have

A

12 Pairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What makes up the brainstem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where do cranial nerves I and II originate from

A

The brain itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What makes cranial nerve I and II special

A
  1. They originate from the brain not the brain stem

2. They are both part of the CNS rather than being a peripheral nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the nervous system split into

A
  1. Central nervous system

2. Peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the cranial nervous system split into

A
  1. Brain

2. Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system made up of

A
  1. Somatic

2. Autonomic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system split into

A
  1. Sympathetic nervous system

2. Parasympathetic nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are afferent fibres

A

Sensory fibres that carry information to the brain from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are efferent fibres

A

Motor fibres that carry information from the brain to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is another term used to describe the autonomic nervous system

A

Visceral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe first order sensory neurones

A

They enter the brain stem and synapse on to the second order neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where are second order neurones found

A

In the cranial nerve sensory nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the journey second order sensory neurones take

A

They decussate and pass to the thalamus where they synapse with tertiary neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe the journey tertiary neurones take

A

They pass to the cortex where the signals they carry are interpreted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Signals received from the right hand first order neurone end up where

A

On the left hand medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many sensory neurone do we have in a pathway?

A

3 first, secondary and tertiary order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many neurones do we have in motor neurone pathway

A

2

Upper and lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe the pathway upper motor neurones take

A

They run from the motor areas of the cortex to motor nuclei in the brainstem via the Corticobular tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where do upper motor neurones run from and via what

A

From the motor areas of the Corte and travel via the cortiocspinal tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What happens to motor neurones at the corticospinal tract

A

The fibres decussate in the medulla and synapse on to the lower motor neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do we mean by decussate

A

Swap side eg left to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What parts of the body innervate the autonomic nervous system

A

Visceral components such as internal organs like circulatory and digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What part of the body innervate the somatic nervous system

A

Non visceral components generally voluntary control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Name the different somatic fibre types

A
  1. General somatic afferents (GSAs)
  2. General somatic efferents (GSE)
  3. Special somatic afferents (SSA)
  4. Special somatic efferents (SSE) don’t need to know
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What do general somatic afferent fibres pick up

A
  1. Touch
  2. Temperature
  3. Proprioception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What do general somatic efferent fibres innervate

A

What do general somatic afferent fibres pick up Skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What do Special somatic afferent fibres pick up

A
  1. Vision
  2. Balance
  3. Hearing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where are general somatic efferents and afferents found

A

In both cranial and spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Where are special somatic afferent fibres found

A

in cranial nerves only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What do general somatic afferent fibres do

A

They carry general sensations from cutaneous structures and mucous membranes of the head and general proprioception from somatic structures such as muscles of the head and neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

In which cranial nerves are general somatic afferents found

A

V
VII
IX
X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Name cranial nerve V

A

Trigeminal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Name cranial nerve VII

A

Facial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Name cranial nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

38
Q

Name cranial nerve X

39
Q

What do general somatic efferent fibres do

A

They provide motor innervation to skeletal muscles derived from embryonic somites
Tehy control extra-ocular muscles and the tongue

40
Q

In which cranial nerves are general somatic efferent fibres found

A

III
IV
VI
XII

41
Q

Name cranial nerve III

A

Oculomotor

42
Q

Name cranial nerve IV

43
Q

Name cranial nerve VI

44
Q

Name cranial nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal

45
Q

What do special somatic afferent fibres do

A

They carry special sensory input from the eye for vision and from the ear for equilibrium and hearing

46
Q

In which cranial nerves are special somatic afferent fibres found

47
Q

Name cranial nerve II

48
Q

Name cranial nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

49
Q

Name different visceral fibre types

A
  1. General visceral afferents
  2. General visceral efferents
  3. Special visceral afferents
  4. Special visceral efferents
50
Q

What do general visceral afferent fibres pick up

A

Stretch

Chemical composition of viscera

51
Q

What do general visceral efferent fibres pick up

A

Carry information back to Skeletal muscles and Glands

52
Q

What makes general visceral efferents unique

A

They are parasympathetic fibres only

53
Q

What do Special visceral afferents pick up

A

Smell and taste

54
Q

What do Special visceral efferents pick up

A

Carry information back to skeletal muscles from the pharyngeal arches

55
Q

Where are our general visceral afferent and efferent fibres found

A

In both cranial and spinal nerves

56
Q

Where are our special visceral afferent and efferent fibres found

A

Found in cranial nerves only

57
Q

What do general visceral afferent fibres do

A

They are autonomic fibres that carry general sensations from the viscera relating to stretch and chemical compositions from the viscera

58
Q

In which cranial nerves are general visceral afferents found

59
Q

Name cranial nerve VII

60
Q

Name cranial nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

61
Q

Name cranial nerve X

62
Q

What do general visceral efferent fibres do

A

They provide motor parasympathetic innervation to the viscera such as smooth muscles and glands

63
Q

In which cranial nerves are general visceral afferents found

64
Q

Name cranial nerve III

A

Occulamotor

65
Q

What do special visceral afferent fibres do

A

They are special sensory fibres from the viscera that convert special sense of smell through the olfactory nerve and special send of taste by the facial

66
Q

Which crane nerve are special visceral afferents found in

67
Q

Name cranial nerve i

68
Q

What can special visceral efferent fibres also be called

A

Branchiomotor fibres

69
Q

Why are special visceral efferent fibres also known as Branchiomotor fibres

A

As they originate from eh pharyngeal arches which were previously called branchial arches

70
Q

What do special visceral efferent fibres do

A

They supply voluntary skeletal muscles that are derived from pharyngeal arch

71
Q

Give examples of muscles derived from eh pharyngeal arches

A

Pharynx
Larynx
Muscles of mastication Muscles of facial expression

72
Q

Which crane nerve are special visceral Efferents found in

73
Q

Which fibres are found in the trigeminal nerve

A
  1. General somatic afferent fibres

2. Special visceral efferent fibres

74
Q

What do general somatic afferent fibres supply in the trigeminal nerves

A
  1. Facial skin
  2. Scalp
  3. Orbit
  4. Nasal cavity
  5. Oral cavity
  6. Anterior 2/3 tongue
  7. Nasopharynx
75
Q

What do Special visceral efferent fibres supply in the trigeminal nerves

A
  1. Muscles of mastication
  2. Mylohyoid Anterior belly
  3. Digastric muscle
76
Q

Which fibres are found in the Facial nerve

A
  1. General somatic afferent fibres
  2. Special visceral afferent fibres
  3. General visceral efferent fibres
  4. Special visceral efferent fibres
77
Q

What do general somatic afferent fibres supply in the Facial nerves

A
  1. Region external auditory meatus

2. Tympanic membrane

78
Q

What do Special visceral afferent fibres supply in the Facial nerves

79
Q

What do general visceral efferent fibres supply in the Facial nerves

A
  1. Salivation by submandibular, sublingual and Minto salivary glands
  2. Lacrimation
    (all parasympathetic)
80
Q

What do special visceral efferent fibres supply in the Facial nerves

A
  1. Muscles of facial expression

2. Poster belly of digastric

81
Q

Which fibres are found in the glossopharyngeal nerve

A
  1. General somatic afferent fibres
  2. General visceral afferent fibres
  3. Special visceral afferent fibres
  4. General visceral efferent fibres
  5. Special visceral efferent
82
Q

What do general somatic afferent fibres supply in the glossopharyngeal nerves

A
  1. Posterior 1/3 tongue

2. . Oropharynx

83
Q

What do general visceral afferent fibres supply in the glossopharyngeal nerves

A

Baro and chemo receptors

84
Q

What do special visceral afferent fibres supply in the glossopharyngeal nerves

A

Posterior 1/3 to provide taste

85
Q

What do general visceral efferent fibres supply in the glossopharyngeal nerves

A

Salivation via parotid

Only parasympathetic

86
Q

What do special visceral efferent fibres supply in the glossopharyngeal nerves

A

One muscle of the pharynx

87
Q

Which fibres are found in the vagus nerve

A
  1. General somatic afferent fibres
  2. General visceral afferent fibres
  3. Special visceral afferent fibres
  4. General visceral efferent fibres
  5. Special visceral efferent
88
Q

What do general somatic afferent fibres supply in the vagus nerves

A

Skin around and in external acoustic meatus

Dura

89
Q

What do general visceral afferent fibres supply in the vagus nerves

A

Pharynx
larynx
chemo and bare receptors
Thoracic and abdominal viscera

90
Q

What do special visceral afferent fibres supply in the vagus nerves

91
Q

What do general visceral efferent fibres supply in the vagus nerves

A

Mainly to organs of the throat and abdomen

92
Q

What do special visceral efferent fibres supply in the vagus nerves

A

All muscles of the larynx

Most muscles of the pharynx

4th yr- CMS- Neuroanatomy (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions