Cranial Nerve Lesions

Question 1

What is cranial nerve 1? function

Answer 1

Olfactory nerve

>Smell

Question 2

cranial nerve 2?

function

Answer 2

Optic nerve

>sight

Question 3

cranial nerve 3?

function

Answer 3

Oculomotor nerve:

> Eye movement: supplies superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique

> Pupil constriction

> Accomodation

> Eyelid opening

Question 4

cranial nerve 4?

function

Answer 4

Trochlear nerve

> Eye movement: supplies superior oblique

Question 5

cranial nerve 5?

function

Answer 5

Trigeminal nerve:

> Facial sensation

> Mastication

Question 6

What are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 6

V1: opthalmic

V2: maxillary

V3: mandibular

Question 7

cranial nerve 6?

function

Answer 7

Abducens nerve

> Eye movement: supplied lateral rectus

Question 8

cranial nerve 7?

function

Answer 8

Facial nerve

> Facial movement

> Taste anterior 2/3 of tongue

> Salivation

> Lacrimation

Question 9

cranial nerve 8?

function

Answer 9

Vestivulocochlear nerve

> Hearing
Balance

Question 10

cranial nerve 9?

function

Answer 10

Glossopharyngeal nerve

> Taste posterior 1/3 of tongue

> Salivation

> Swallowing

Question 11

cranial nerve 10?

function

Answer 11

Vagus never

> Phonation

> Swallowing

> Innervates viscera

Question 12

cranial nerve 11?

function

Answer 12

Accessory nerve

> Head and shoulder movement: supplies sternocleidomastoid and tapezius

Question 13

cranial nerve 12?

function

Answer 13

Hypoglossal nerve

> Tongue movement

Question 14

What does oculomotor nerve palsy result in?

Answer 14

> Ptosis
‘Down and out’ eye
Dilated fixed pupil

Question 15

What does trochlear nerve palsy result in?

Answer 15

Defective downward gaze = vertical diplopia

Question 16

What can lesions of the trigeminal nerve cause?

Answer 16

>Trigeminal neuralgia
>Loss of corneal reflex (afferent)
>Loss of facial sensation 
>Paralysis of mastication muscle
>deviation of jaw to weak side

Question 17

What is trigeminal neuralgia? Red flag signs?

Answer 17

Pain syndrome characterised by severe unilateral pain, vast are idiopathic but compression of trigeminal roots by tumours or vascular can occur. Red flag signs:
>sensory changes
>Hx of skin or oral lesions that could sprea
>pain in opthalmic devision
>optic neuritis
>hx of multiple sclerosis

Question 18

What can lesions of the facial nerve causes?

Answer 18

> flaccid paralysis of upper or lower face
loss of corneal reflex
loss of taste
hyperacusis

Question 19

What can lesions of the vestibulocochlear nerve cause?

Answer 19

> Hearing loss
Vertigo
Nystagmus

Question 20

What are acoustic neuromas?

Answer 20

Schwann cell tumours of the cochlear nerve

Question 21

What can lesions of the glossopharyngeal nerve cause?

Answer 21

> Hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex

>loss of gag reflex

Question 22

What can lesions of the vagus nerve causes?

Answer 22

> Uvula deviates away from site of lesion

>loss of faf reflex

Question 23

What can lesions of the accessory nerve lead to?

Answer 23

Weakness turning head to contralateral side

Question 24

What can lesions of the the hypoglossal nerve cause?

Answer 24

Tongue deviation towards side of lesion

Question 25

What cranial nerves are sensory and what are motor and what are both?

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Answer 25

1. Sensory
2. Sensory
3. Motor
4. Motor
5. Both
6. Motor
7. Both
8. Sensory
9. Both
10. Both
11. Motor
12. Motor