Cranial Nerve 5. Flashcards
True or False
Trigeminal nerve is the smallest CN
False it is the largest
Is CN 5 a sensory, motor, or mixed nerve type.
Mixed
Does CN 5 have more sensory fibers or motor fibers?
Sensory
What is the nickname for CN 5
Great Sensory Nerve of the Face
How many nuclues(I) are associated with CN5?
What are they?
3
- Main sensory nucleus
- Spinal Nucleus
- Trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
How many nuclues(I) of origin are associated with CN5
1
Trigeminal motor nucleus
How many peripheral ganglion are associated with C.N. 5?
What is the(ir) name?
Trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion
What cell bodies are located in the trigeminal ganglion?
Primary sensory nureons
What are the three branches that given off by the trigeminal nerve?
Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular
What nuclei of termination are combined together in the sensory pathway?
Main and spinal nuclei
Where are the cell bodies located for main and spinal nuclei
In trigeminal ganglion
Peripheral processes from the main and spinal pathway come from ___________to enter_________
The face
Trigeminal ganglion
What processes go toward main and spinal nuclei?
Central
Main trigeminal nuclei gets what type of information sent to it?
Touch
Vibration
Joint propioception
Spinal nuclei gets what type of sensation sent to it?
Pain
Temperature
What is the analogous cord pathway for spinal nuclei?
Lateral spinothalamic
What is the analogous cord pathway for the main nuclei
Gracilis
Cuneatous
Anterior spinothalamic
What nucleus’ dendrites pass thru the trigeminal ganglion?(does not synapse in there)
Mesencephalic nucleus
What nucleus has the only primary sensory neurons that have cell bodies located in the CNS? TQ
Mesencephalic
What is the only branch that carries motor fibers?
Mandibular branch
Motor nucleus axons are carried in what branch?
Mandibular branch
The motor nucleus RECEIVES information from what structures?
Cerebral cortex (both hemispheres) Reticular formation Red nucleus Tectum Medial longitudinal fascicles Mesencephalic nucleus
What type of info does mesencephalic get?
Propioceptive info
What type of reflex does mesencephalic nucleus have
Monosynaptic
What is the apparent origin for C.N.5?
Lateral aspect of the pons
C.N.5 travels_______ over___________ and enters________, the __________
Anteriorward
The petrous part of the temporal bone
A pouch of dura
Trigeminal cave
What is another name for the trigeminal cave?
Meckel’s Cave
What is located in the Trigeminal Cave?
Trigeminal ganglion
Where do the 3 branches of C.N. 5 arise from?
Trigeminal ganglion
Ophthalmic division enters _______________ via ________________
The orbit
Superior orbital fissure
What other C.N. enter the skull like the ophthalmic division?
3
4
6
Does the ophthalmic division carry motor or sensory fibers?
Sensory
Ophthalmic carries sensation from what?
Skin over
- Nose
- Forehead
- Scalp
Mucous membranes
- Frontal sinus
- Sphenoid sinus
Membrane covering nasal septum
Ophthalmic division gives rise to how many branches and what are their names?
4 Meningeal nerve Lacrimal nerve Frontal nerve Nasociliary nerve
What is the other name given to the meningeal nerve?
Tentorial branch
Where is the meningeal nerve given off from the ophthalmic division?
Before it leaves the superior orbital fissure
What does the meningeal never supply?
Dura mater lining the middle cranial fossa
True or false
Lacrimal nerve is the biggest branch the ophthalmic division gives off.
False
What is the pathway of the lacrimal nerve?
Travels along superior aspect of lateral rectus muscle
Passes thru lacrimal gland
Reaches the skin of upper eyelid
What does the lacrimal nerve supply?
Lacrimal gland
Skin of the upper eyelid
What other type of fibers does the lacrimal nerve send to the lacrimal gland
Parasympathetic (secretory) fibers
How does the other type of fibers from the lacrimal nerve get to the lacrimal gland?
Parasympathetic fibers originate from pterygopalatine ganglion (VII) reach lacrimal nerve by of the zygomatic nerve and zygomaticotemporal nerves (C.N. V2)
True or False
Frontal branch is the biggest branch in the ophthalmic division.
True
Frontal nerve divides into two branches what are they?
Supratrochlear nerve
Supraorbital nerve
Supratrochlear nerve conveys sensation from what structure?
Medial corner of the eye
Supraorbital nerve carries sensation from what structures?
- Conjunctiva
- Upper eyelid
- Forehead
- Mucous membrane from frontal sinus
True or False
Nasociliary has the most branches coming off of it in the ophthalmic division?
True
Nasociliary has how many main branches and how many terminal branches?
What are their names?
3 Main branches
- Communicating branch
- Long Ciliary nerve
- Posterior Ethmoid nerve
2 Terminal branches
- Anterior ethmoid nerve
- Infratrochlear nerve
Where does the communicating branch go to?
Ciliary ganglion
Communicating branch helps with what?
Corneal reflex
Long ciliary nerve supplies what structure?
The eyeball
Posterior ethmoid nerves carries sensory information from what structures?
Sphenoidal sinus
Ethmoidal sinus
Anterior ethmoid divides into two nerves. What are they?
External nasal nerve
Internal nasal nerve
External nasal nerve supplies what?
Skin over the nose
Internal nasal nerve supplies what structure?
Mucus membrane covering the anterior part of the nasal septum
What does the infratrochlear nerve supplies what?
Medial corner of the eye
Lacrimal sac
Maxillary Division enters the ____________ through the____________.
Pterygopalatine fossa Foramen rotundum (round foramen)
True or False
Maxillary division is the only branch with motor fibers.
False
Mandibular branch
Maxillary division carries sensation from what structures?
The skin
- Btwn Eyes and Mouth
- Over Cheeks and Temples
Mucosa Lining
- Maxilary sinus
- Nasal Conchae
- Palate
- Gingiva
What are the branches that the Maxillary Division gives off?
- Middle Meningeal N.
- Zygomatic N
- Ganglionic Branches
- Infraorbital N.
What nerve is given off before the Maxillary nerve leaves the round foramen?
Middle meningeal N.
What does the middle meningeal supply?
The meninges of the middle cranial fossa
Zygomatic nerve enters the _______ thru the_________________.
Orbit
Inferior orbital fissure
What are the nerves that come off the zygomatic nerve?
- Communicating Branch
- Zygomaticotemporal Branch
- Zygomaticofemoral
Communicating branch from zygomatic nerve carries what type of fibers?
Postganglionic Parasympathetic fibers
Communicating branch of zygomatic nerve carries fibers from ________ going to _____________.
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Lacrimal gland
Zygomaticotemporal nerve supplies what?
Skin over the temple
Zygomaticofacial supplies what?
Skin over the cheek
Ganglionic branches carry sensory information from where?
Upper pharynx
Nasal cavity
Palate
True or False
Ganglionic branches sensory information pass thru the geniculate ganglion to the maxillary division.
False
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Infraorbital nerve travels thru what 2 structures?
Infraorbital fissure
Infraorbital Canal
What does the infraorbital nerve supply?
Lower eyelid
Skin over the upper jaw
Maxillary sinus
Infraorbital nerves gives off 3 nerves, what are they?
Anterior Superior Alveolar N.
Middle Superior Alveolar N.
Posterior Superior Alveolar N.
What plexus is found just above the alveoli?
Superior dental plexus
What type of fibers from the Maxillary division are used to distribute from the pterygopalatine ganglion?
Postganglionic Parasympathetic fibers
What type of fibers reach the pterygopalatine ganglion from the greater petrosal nerve?
Preganglionic Parasympathetic fibers
What type of fibers from the Superior Cervical ganglion pass thru the pterygopalatine ganglion
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers
True or False
The sensory root is Large in the Mandibular division
True
True or False
The motor root is large in the mandibular division
False
Small
True or False
The Mandibular division is only motor
False
Both sensory and motor
True or False
The motor and sensory root of the Mandibular division exit the foramen ovale as one root
False
Two separate roots and combine later
Where does the sensory and motor root combine in the Mandibular division?
Infratemporal fossa
Mandibular division carries sensory information from what structures?
Skin over the
- Mandible
- Posterior cheek
- Posterior temple
Mucosa of the
- Lower oral cavity
- Cheek
How many muscles are innervated by the Mandibular division and what are these Group of muscles called?
8
Muscles of mastication
What are the muscles innervated by the Mandibular division?
- Masseter
- Temoralis
- Medial Pterygoid
- Lateral Pterygoid
- Tensor Veli Palatini
- Tensor Tympani
- Mylohyoid
- Anterior belly of Digastric
Two branches are given off in the infratemporal fossa what are they?
Recurrent Meningeal Branch
Medial Pterygoid N.
Where are the Recurrent Meningeal Branch and the Medial Pterygoid N. Given off in the Mandibular division?
Infratemporal fossa
What is another name for the Recurrent Meningeal Branch?
Nervus Spinosum
Where does the Recurrent Meningeal Branch enter the cranium thru?
Foramen Spinosum
Recurrent Meningeal Branch is sensory or motor or both?
Sensory
Where does the Recurrent Meningeal Branch carry info from?
Dura of the
- MiddleCranial Fossa
- Anterior cranial Fossa
- Calvarium
Is the Medial Pterygoid N. Sensory, motor or mixed?
Motor
What does the Medial Pterygoid N. supply?
Medial Pterygoid
Tensor Veli Palatine
Tensor Typani
What’s special about the fibers from the Medial Pterygoid N. That supply’s the Tensor Veli Palatine and Tensor Tympani?
They pass thru the optic ganglion
What type of nerve fibers does the optic ganglion send out?
Postganglionic Parasympathetic fibers
In the Mandibular Division after the 2 branches are given the nerve divides into predominantly 2 divisions. What are the two division it breaks into?
Motor Anterior Division
Sensory Posterior Division
What nerves does the Anterior Division of the Mandibular Nerve give rise to?
- Masseter
- Deep Temporal
- Lateral Pterygoid
- Buccal
What nerve in the Anterior Division in the Mandibular division is the Major sensory branch in the division?
Buccal
What nerves give sensory info in the Anterior Division in the Mandibular division
Buccal
Masseter (he’s special, cause he’s also motor…super cute)
What is special about the Masseter N.?
The nerve is both motor and sensory (#mixed)
What does the Masseter N supply?
Motor function to Masseter
Sensory info from tempromandibular joint (TMJ)
Lateral Pterygoid supplies what?
Lateral Pterygoid (Medial Pterygoid N. does more work)
What is special about the Deep temporal nerve?
It splits into two branches
Ant. And Post.
What does the deep temporal n. supply?
Both branches of this n. (Ant and Post.) supply Temporalis muscle
Buccal nerve conveys sensation from what?
- The cheek
2. The Buccal gingival of the molars
What are the nerves given off in the Posterior division of the Mandibular Division?
- Auriculotemporal
- Lingual
- Inf. Alveolar
What nerves also has motor function in the posterior division of the Mandibular division?
Auriculotemporal n. (Postganglionic Parasympathetic) (So small)
Inferior Alveolar n.
What is the pathway of the Auriculotemporal n?
Passes thru the parotid gland, post to TMJ, and into the infratemporal fossa
What does the Auriculotemporal N carry?
Sensory info from skin of the
- Temple
- Ear
Postganglionic Parasympathetic fibers from otic ganglion
The lingual N covers info from what structure?
Mucosa of the oral cavity
True or False
Lingual nerve combines with Cranial Nerve 7 in the infratemporal fossa
True
What nerve does the lingual nerve combine with in the infratemporal fossa?
The chorda tympani
From C.N.7
The inf. Alveolar n. carries sensory info from what structures?
- Lower teeth
2. Chin
True or False
The inferior alveolar nerve has two branches.
True
True or False
The lingual nerve has two branches.
False
What are the two branches of the inf.alveolar n.?
- Incisive Branch
2. Mental N.
Incisive Branch supplies what?
- Incisors
- Canines
- 1st premolars and adjacent gingival
Mental nerve supplies what?
- Labial gingival adjacent to incisors
2. Skin of the lower lip
What do the motor fibers do in the inf. alveolar n.?
Diverge from the n. Prior to passing thru the Mandibular foramen
What does the motor fibers of the inf. alveolar n. supply?
- Mylohyoid
2. Ant. belly of the digastric Muscle
What 2 autonomic ganglia communicate with the Mandibular division?
Submandibular
Otic
What does the submandibular ganglia in the Mandibular division receive?
Preganglionic fibers from C.N7 by the lingual nerve AFTER it combines with chorda tympani
What does the otic ganglion do in the Mandibular Division?
Send postganglionic fibers to parotid gland by the Auriculotemporal n.
In some cases what else can the lingual nerve do?
Convey taste info (special sensory) to chorda tympani
What is the clinical consideration you need know for the trigeminal nerve?
1.Trigeminal Neuralgia- Short burst of pain on one side of the face
(Tic Douloureux)
2.Dental consideration-top teeth:Can individually numb teeth
bottom teeth: Whole row of teeth are numbed