Cranial Bones (Axial Skeleton) (Lab Practical)

Question 1

Frontal Bone

Answer 1

• 1 bone
• Supraorbital margin: thickenings of the frontal bone superior to each orbit

Question 2

Parietal Bones

Answer 2

-2 bones

Question 3

Temporal Bones

Answer 3

• 2 bones
• Mastoid process: rounded projection at the inferior surface that serves as attachment for muscles
• External auditory (acoustic meatus): the cave like tubes through the temporal bone
  -Mandibular fossa: a depression of the inferior surface that receives the condylar process of the mandible to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
• Zygomatic process: a slender projection forming the part of the cheekbone, which articulates with the zygomatic bone.

Question 4

Occipital Bone

Answer 4

• 1 bone
• Foramen magnum: the large opening that allows the spinal cord to connect to the lower brain.
• Occipital condyles: two rounded processes on opposing sides of the foramen magnum that articulate with the atlas (C1) vertebra

Question 5

Sphenoid bone

Answer 5

• 1 bone
• Optic foramina: round openings for cranial nerve II (optic nerve)
• Sella turcica: a saddle like fossa that supports the pituitary gland.

Question 6

Ethmoid bone

Answer 6

• 1 bone
  -Crista galli: a narrow ridge on the superior surface that serves as an attachment for brain membranes
• Perpendicular plate: a flat inferior projection forming the superior part of the nasal septum.

Question 7

Cranial Sutures

Answer 7

• Coronal: between frontal and parietal
• Sagittal: between the two parietal
• Lambdoid: between the parietal bones and the occipital bone
• Squamous suture: between the temporal and parietal bones