Cranial Autonomics Flashcards
What type of nerve fibers carry the autonomics
general visceral efferents (AKA visceral motor)
what are the four parasympathetic cranial nuclei
edinger-westphal
superior salivatory
inferior salivatory
dorsal vagal
where is the edinger-westphal nucleus?
midbrain
where are the superior and inferior salivatory nuclei?
pons
where is the dorsal vagal nucleus?
medulla
what CN passes through the cribiform plate
CN I (olfactory)
what CN passes through the optic canal
CN II (optic)
what CN passes through the superior orbital fissure
CN III (oculomotor) CN IV (trochlear) CN V1 (ophthalmic branch of trigeminal) CN VI (abducent)
what CN passes through the foramen rotundum
CN V2 (maxillary branch of trigeminal)
what CN passes through the foramen ovale
CN V3 (mandibular branch of trigeminal)
what CN passes through the internal acoustic meatus
CN VII (facial n) CN VIII (vestibulocochlear n)
what CN passes through the jugular foramen
CN IX (glossopharyngeal n) CN X (vagus) CN XI (spinal accessory n)
what CN passes through the hypoglossal canal
CN XII (hypoglossal n)
where do sympathetic fibers of the head synapse?
superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic trunk
what exclusively sympathetic nerve do we care about? are the fibers pre- or post- synaptic?
deep petrosal n
POST synaptic
what are the four ganglia in the head where preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse
ciliary
pterygopalatine
otic
submandibular
what cranial nerves carry preganglionic parasympathetics?
CN III, VII, IX, X
oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus
how do postganglionic parasympathetic fibers get to their target structure?
via branches of the trigeminal n. (CN V)
what is horner’s syndrome
absence of sympathetic innervation of the head
what are the causes of horners syndrome?
idiopathic
extra cervical rib
cervical injury
what are the sxs of horner’s syndrome?
ptosis
anhidrosis
miosis
does the trigeminal n have sympathetic fibers?
NO they just ride with it all over the face
what are the two branches of CN V1 (opthalmic branch of trigeminal n) that piggyback parasympathetics?
lacrimal ( => lacrimal gland) short ciliary ( => ciliary ms and sphincter pupillae)
what are the three branches of CN V2 (maxillary branch of trigeminal n) that piggyback parasympathetics?
zygomatic ( => lacrimal gland)
greater and lesser palatine ( => soft and heart palate mucosa)
posterior superior nasal ( => nasal mucosa)
what are the two branches of CN V3 (mandibular branch of trigeminal n) that piggyback parasympathetics?
lingual ( => submandibular & sublingual salivary glands)
auricotemporal ( => parotid gland)
through what ganglion does CN V1 pass?
ciliary
through what ganglion does CN V2 pass?
pterygopalatine
through what ganglion does CN V3 pass?
submandibular and otic
at what ganglion do CN III parasympathetic fibers synapse?
ciliary
at what ganglion do CN VII parasympathetic fibers synapse?
pterygopalatine
submandibular
at what ganglion do CN IX parasympathetic fibers synapse?
otic
what is the route of visceral efferent neurons from CN III
edinger-westphal nucleus =>
ciliary ganglion =>
constrictor pupillae and cilliary ms
via what structure do sympathetics get to the eye?
carotid plexus
what are the autonomic actions of CN VII?
stimulate glands: lacrimal submandibular sublingual oral, nasal, and pharyngeal muscosal
