CPT antimicrobials ACA quiz 11

Question 1

aldosterone effect on K+

Answer 1

inc excretion!!

Question 2

Addisons disease and K+

Answer 2

adrenal insufficiency
> less aldosterone
> less K+ excretion
hyperkalaemia

Question 3

benefits of LMWHs vs UFH

Answer 3

LMWH

• require less monitoring than unfractionated
• less likely to cause thrombocytopenia
• lower risk of osteoporosis

Question 4

Clarithromycin - class and action

Answer 4

macrolide

interferes with bacterial protein synthesis
> binds to 50S subunit of bacterial ribosome

Question 5

how does warfarin work

Answer 5

limits the activation of clotting factors 2,7,9,10 by competitively inhibiting the reduction of vitamin K by VKOR

Question 6

how is vitamin k activated

Answer 6

reduction by VKOR

Question 7

antidote to unfractionated heparin

Answer 7

protamine sulphate

> forms an inactive complex with heparin
administered IV

Question 8

DOACs contraindicated

Answer 8

with severe renal impairment

> use warfarin instead in low GFR patients

Question 9

heparin action on aldosterone

Answer 9

inhibits aldosterone action
> less excretion K+
> hyperkalaemia risk

Question 10

spironolactone action on aldosterone

Answer 10

inhibits aldosterone action
> less excretion K+
> hyperkalaemia risk

Question 11

ramipril action on aldosterone

Answer 11

inhibits aldosterone action
> less excretion K+
> hyperkalaemia risk

Question 12

causes of hyperkalaemia

Answer 12

addisons
spironolactone
warfarin
ramipril