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Lifeguarding > CPR, AED And First Aid > Flashcards

CPR, AED And First Aid Flashcards

1
Q

What does ABC stand for?

A

Airway, breathing, circulation

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2
Q

What are the priorities when treating a casualty?

A 
Emergency CPR
Management of choking 
Control life threatening bleeding 
Care of unconscious breathing casualty
Treatment for shock
Medical attention
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3
Q

What is the chain of survival?

A

Early recognition
Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Early defibrillation
Post resuscitation care

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4
Q

What does a head tilt and chin lift achieve?

A

It lifts the tongue and opens the airways, allowing the air you breath to reach the casualties lungs effectively

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5
Q

Why is it important that treatment for a casualties regurgitated stomach contents is carried out quickly?

A

So they don’t choke on the stomach contents

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6
Q

Why should you place an unconscious casualty who you are sure is breathing normally in the recovery position?

A

They may vomit and this is the safest position to prevent choking. If you need to leave he casualty to call 999 this is the safest thing to do

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7
Q

What is cardiac arrest?

A

When the heart stops beating/ pumping blood around the body

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8
Q

When giving CPR if the initial breath does not make the chest rise what should you do?

A

Check for blockade or tilt head back further

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9
Q

When giving CPR if there is more than one rescuer when should another take over?

A

After 6 rounds or when exhausted

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10
Q

When should you stop CPR?

A

When an emergency service has arrived someone can take over
If you are exhausted
If they wake up
If there is no response

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11
Q

The possible damaging effects of water entering the lungs can be delayed for up to how many hours?

A

The possible damaging effects of h20 entering the lungs can be delayed for up to 72 hours

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12
Q

When should you use a pocket mask for CPR?

A

Whenever possible

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13
Q

What should you do when air enters the stomach during CPR?

A

Improve your head tilt and chin lift, provided that a clear airway is maintained

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14
Q

When would you give mouth to nose ventilation?

A

If the mouth is seriously injured
When the most cannot be opened
When giving cpr in the water

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15
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of someone who is choking?

A

They are gripping their throat
Agonal breathing
You might have seen them eating

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16
Q

When treating choking in an infant abdominal thrusts are dangerous. What should you use instead?

A

Infant on knee face down head below chest and back blows if this fails chest thrusts

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17
Q

What should you do if a casualty that is choking loses consciousness?

A

Support them to the group, ensure an ambulance is called,

Begin with 30 chest compression then cpr

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18
Q

How would you give cpr to a casualty with a suspected spinal injury?

A

Support and assistance from other team members will be needed- head , neck, chest need particular care, if rescued to the point of stability and is now breathing normally urgent removal is required. Whilst on a rescue board if breathing stops or becomes abnormal start cpr without delay

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19
Q

What does an AED do?

A

It checks for irregular heart beat and gives a shock to reset heart

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20
Q

What are the benefits of an AED?

A

They can help keep a person alive

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21
Q

When the AED analyses the heart what is it looking for?

A

An irregular vf heart beat

22
Q

Why might you use a towel when using an AED?

A

To dry off the casualty so the pads stick

23
Q

When would you turn the AED off?

A

When it tells you to or a paramedic tells you

24
Q

Can you use an AED on a casualty with a suspected spinal injury?

A

Yes

25
Q

What equipment should you keep with an AED?

A

Razor, towels, spare pads, back up battery

26
Q

What are the priorities of first aid?

A

That the casualty is breathing and any large bleeds are treated immediately

27
Q

What would you find in a first aid box?

A

Gloves, guidance leaflet, large sterile dressing, triangular bandage, safety pins, eye pad sterile dressings, adhesive sterile dressings.

28
Q

What is the difference between a symptom and sign?

A

A symptom is something the casualty tells you, a sign is something you can see hear or feel

29
Q

What is the treatment for an unconscious casualty?

A

Complete primary survey and complete CPR if required, treat any major bleeding and remove or treat any reasons for unconsciousness

30
Q

What treatment should you give to a casualty suffering a Heart attack?

A

Call 999, assist them to sit in a half sitting position, loosen tight clothing around neck waist, reassure, monitor

31
Q

What is the treatment for shock?

A

Lie down raise the legs where possible, loosen tight clothing around the neck chest and waist, treat shock where possible, reassure, keep warm, monitor, no food or drink, 999

32
Q

What is the treatment for shock?

A

Put on gloves, lay or sit casualty down in comfortable position, call 999 if sever, check for foreign objects in cut, apply pressure, bandage and the treat for shock

33
Q

How would you treat a nose bleed?

A

Sit down with head tilted forwards, ask them to breath through there nose, pressure to both side of nose past bridge for ten minutes, tell them not to speak, swallow cough or sniff

34
Q

What is the treatment for a burn?

A

Flood the area with cool running water for at least ten minutes if clothing is stuck to burn leave it don’t pull it off, remove rings watched or jewellery before swelling and cover with non adhesive sterile dressing.

35
Q

What are the main principles of dealing with a suspected fracture?

A

Keep casualty in the position you found them in move only if necessary. Imobalize and support to prevent further damage. Slings if upper body and blankets if lower.

36
Q

What is the treatment for a dislocation?

A

Allow the casualty to find the most comfortable position for themselves, support the injured limb in that position with padding and bandages. Do not try to relocate the joint or aggravate injury call 999 nothing to eat or drink.

37
Q

What is the treatment for a sprain or a strain?

A 
RICE 
Rest
Ice
Comfort position 
Elevation
38
Q

Give three symptoms of a head injury?

A

Confusion
Vomiting
Short term memory loss

39
Q

What could cause someone to faint?

A 
Dehydration 
Heat
Injury
Illness
Fatigue
Long periods of standing still
40
Q

What are the principles of treating someone having a stroke?

A 
FAST
Face
Arms
Speech
Time ...ambulance quickly could save a life
41
Q

How should you treat someone suffering from a major seizure?

A

Support the casualty keep face clear from the water take care that their head doesn’t hit yours, support them until the seizure is over
When finished remove them from the pool
Monitor breathing

42
Q

What do you look for when completing a secondary survey on a casualty?

A

Check head for blood or head injury
Check eyes for response
Sternum for intactment
Collarbones abdomen pelvis and limbs arms legs and feet for injury
Check pulse
Check breathing
Look listen smell feel facial expressions when checking body
Ask them to explain any pain and look for bruising

43
Q

What is the chain of survival?

A

Early recognition
Early cpr
Early defibrillation
Post resuscitation care

44
Q

How do you put someone into the recovery position?

A

Put the arm closest to you into a right angle
Get the arm furthest away and put the hand on the casualties cheek closest to you
Lift up the leg furthers away from you and use it to turn casualties onto their side

45
Q

What do you do differently to a collapsed adult that haven’t been involved with water?

A

You go straight into chest compressions before giving rescue breaths

46
Q

How many rescue breaths do you give collapsed children and infants
Without water contact?

A

two

47
Q

How many rescue breaths do you give to any casualty involved with water?

A

Five

48
Q

How do you give cpr to someone with a tracheostomy?

A

Remove stoma cover but no tubes
Wipe the area of mucus
Close mouth and nose
Blow through the stoma

49
Q

What do you do if someone is choking?

A

Encourage them to cough
If this doesn’t work give five back blows
If this doesn’t work give five abdominal thrusts
The. Repeat back blows and abdominal thrusts

50
Q

What are the symptoms of a heart attack?

A 
Dizziness
Nausea 
Sever crushing or tightening sensation in he chest 
Tingling or pain in left arm
 Rapid weak or irregular pulse 
Feelin of impending doom 
Anxiety
51
Q

What are some signs of a heart attack?

A 
Pale grey skin
Coughing
Blue tinge to skin and lips
Sweaty skin
Casualty might fine breathing difficult 
Clutching chest 
Sudden collapse

Lifeguarding (5 decks)

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