CPR, AED And First Aid Flashcards
What does ABC stand for?
Airway, breathing, circulation
What are the priorities when treating a casualty?
Emergency CPR Management of choking Control life threatening bleeding Care of unconscious breathing casualty Treatment for shock Medical attention
What is the chain of survival?
Early recognition
Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Early defibrillation
Post resuscitation care
What does a head tilt and chin lift achieve?
It lifts the tongue and opens the airways, allowing the air you breath to reach the casualties lungs effectively
Why is it important that treatment for a casualties regurgitated stomach contents is carried out quickly?
So they don’t choke on the stomach contents
Why should you place an unconscious casualty who you are sure is breathing normally in the recovery position?
They may vomit and this is the safest position to prevent choking. If you need to leave he casualty to call 999 this is the safest thing to do
What is cardiac arrest?
When the heart stops beating/ pumping blood around the body
When giving CPR if the initial breath does not make the chest rise what should you do?
Check for blockade or tilt head back further
When giving CPR if there is more than one rescuer when should another take over?
After 6 rounds or when exhausted
When should you stop CPR?
When an emergency service has arrived someone can take over
If you are exhausted
If they wake up
If there is no response
The possible damaging effects of water entering the lungs can be delayed for up to how many hours?
The possible damaging effects of h20 entering the lungs can be delayed for up to 72 hours
When should you use a pocket mask for CPR?
Whenever possible
What should you do when air enters the stomach during CPR?
Improve your head tilt and chin lift, provided that a clear airway is maintained
When would you give mouth to nose ventilation?
If the mouth is seriously injured
When the most cannot be opened
When giving cpr in the water
What are the signs and symptoms of someone who is choking?
They are gripping their throat
Agonal breathing
You might have seen them eating
When treating choking in an infant abdominal thrusts are dangerous. What should you use instead?
Infant on knee face down head below chest and back blows if this fails chest thrusts
What should you do if a casualty that is choking loses consciousness?
Support them to the group, ensure an ambulance is called,
Begin with 30 chest compression then cpr
How would you give cpr to a casualty with a suspected spinal injury?
Support and assistance from other team members will be needed- head , neck, chest need particular care, if rescued to the point of stability and is now breathing normally urgent removal is required. Whilst on a rescue board if breathing stops or becomes abnormal start cpr without delay
What does an AED do?
It checks for irregular heart beat and gives a shock to reset heart
What are the benefits of an AED?
They can help keep a person alive
When the AED analyses the heart what is it looking for?
An irregular vf heart beat
Why might you use a towel when using an AED?
To dry off the casualty so the pads stick
When would you turn the AED off?
When it tells you to or a paramedic tells you
Can you use an AED on a casualty with a suspected spinal injury?
Yes
What equipment should you keep with an AED?
Razor, towels, spare pads, back up battery
What are the priorities of first aid?
That the casualty is breathing and any large bleeds are treated immediately
What would you find in a first aid box?
Gloves, guidance leaflet, large sterile dressing, triangular bandage, safety pins, eye pad sterile dressings, adhesive sterile dressings.
What is the difference between a symptom and sign?
A symptom is something the casualty tells you, a sign is something you can see hear or feel
What is the treatment for an unconscious casualty?
Complete primary survey and complete CPR if required, treat any major bleeding and remove or treat any reasons for unconsciousness
What treatment should you give to a casualty suffering a Heart attack?
Call 999, assist them to sit in a half sitting position, loosen tight clothing around neck waist, reassure, monitor
What is the treatment for shock?
Lie down raise the legs where possible, loosen tight clothing around the neck chest and waist, treat shock where possible, reassure, keep warm, monitor, no food or drink, 999
What is the treatment for shock?
Put on gloves, lay or sit casualty down in comfortable position, call 999 if sever, check for foreign objects in cut, apply pressure, bandage and the treat for shock
How would you treat a nose bleed?
Sit down with head tilted forwards, ask them to breath through there nose, pressure to both side of nose past bridge for ten minutes, tell them not to speak, swallow cough or sniff
What is the treatment for a burn?
Flood the area with cool running water for at least ten minutes if clothing is stuck to burn leave it don’t pull it off, remove rings watched or jewellery before swelling and cover with non adhesive sterile dressing.
What are the main principles of dealing with a suspected fracture?
Keep casualty in the position you found them in move only if necessary. Imobalize and support to prevent further damage. Slings if upper body and blankets if lower.
What is the treatment for a dislocation?
Allow the casualty to find the most comfortable position for themselves, support the injured limb in that position with padding and bandages. Do not try to relocate the joint or aggravate injury call 999 nothing to eat or drink.
What is the treatment for a sprain or a strain?
RICE Rest Ice Comfort position Elevation
Give three symptoms of a head injury?
Confusion
Vomiting
Short term memory loss
What could cause someone to faint?
Dehydration Heat Injury Illness Fatigue Long periods of standing still
What are the principles of treating someone having a stroke?
FAST Face Arms Speech Time ...ambulance quickly could save a life
How should you treat someone suffering from a major seizure?
Support the casualty keep face clear from the water take care that their head doesn’t hit yours, support them until the seizure is over
When finished remove them from the pool
Monitor breathing
What do you look for when completing a secondary survey on a casualty?
Check head for blood or head injury
Check eyes for response
Sternum for intactment
Collarbones abdomen pelvis and limbs arms legs and feet for injury
Check pulse
Check breathing
Look listen smell feel facial expressions when checking body
Ask them to explain any pain and look for bruising
What is the chain of survival?
Early recognition
Early cpr
Early defibrillation
Post resuscitation care
How do you put someone into the recovery position?
Put the arm closest to you into a right angle
Get the arm furthest away and put the hand on the casualties cheek closest to you
Lift up the leg furthers away from you and use it to turn casualties onto their side
What do you do differently to a collapsed adult that haven’t been involved with water?
You go straight into chest compressions before giving rescue breaths
How many rescue breaths do you give collapsed children and infants
Without water contact?
two
How many rescue breaths do you give to any casualty involved with water?
Five
How do you give cpr to someone with a tracheostomy?
Remove stoma cover but no tubes
Wipe the area of mucus
Close mouth and nose
Blow through the stoma
What do you do if someone is choking?
Encourage them to cough
If this doesn’t work give five back blows
If this doesn’t work give five abdominal thrusts
The. Repeat back blows and abdominal thrusts
What are the symptoms of a heart attack?
Dizziness Nausea Sever crushing or tightening sensation in he chest Tingling or pain in left arm Rapid weak or irregular pulse Feelin of impending doom Anxiety
What are some signs of a heart attack?
Pale grey skin Coughing Blue tinge to skin and lips Sweaty skin Casualty might fine breathing difficult Clutching chest Sudden collapse
