CPR Flashcards
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
the cessation of normal circulation due to failure of the heart to contract effectively
cardiopulmonary resuscitation =
an emergency procedure performed in order to manually maintain perfusion until spontaneous circulation can be restored
success rate of CPR
5%
what are the 3 key features of CPA and common preceding events?
3 key features:
- loss of conciousness
- loss of normal, spontaneous breathing
- loss of palpable pulses
Preceding events:
- bradycardia
- worsening mentation
- sudden increase in vagal tone (vomit and straining to defecate)
- sudden change in breathing pattern
what are some common diseases or situations that predispose to CPA?
- sepsis
- SIRS
- heart failure
- pulmonary disease
- trauma
- neoplasia
- general anesthesia
__ people minimum for CPR
3
Basic components of life support
airway, breathing, circulation
how should you establish an airway?
The vast majority can be intubated endotracheally:
- laryngoscopt guided
- manual palpation
- may need suction
- verify correct placement
OR
Occasionally may need emergency tracheostomy
- insert any hollow tube between tracheal rings
Once intubated how many breaths should you provide per minute?
10 breaths/min - if you give too many breaths then we’re worried about the positive pressure breaths
how can you provide circulation to a patient during CPR?
manual chest compressions - start immediately
whats the difference between thoracic pump theory and cardiac pump theory?
- thoracic pump theory:
- hands over the widest part of the chest
- dogs >15kg with rounded chests - cardiac pump theory:
- hands over the heart
- cats
- dogs <15kg
- keel chested dogs (even if >15kg)
How should you perform chest compressions?
Depress the chest by 1/3 and allow complete chest recoil. Perform 100 compressions per minute
Indications for Open Chest CPR
- Large and giant breed dogs
- thoracic trauma
- pleural or pericardial space disease
- intra operative arrest
- ineffective chest compressions
only do this if you have the facilities and are prepared for a thoracostomy if you are successful
what are the 2 shockable rhythms?
- ventricular fibrillation
- pulseless v tach
what rhythms are shockable?
ventricular fibrillation
pulseless ventricular tachycardia
what are the most common drugs to give during CPR?
epinephrine and atropine
epinephrine (adrenalin)
Its used most commonly and nothing has been proven to be better. Administer it IV or intratracheally 1ml/10kg every 4 minutes to effect.
Atropine
Useful before arrest for bradycardia, for high vagal tone, can give 1ml/10kg IV or IT
End tidal CO2 monitoring
- confirmation of ET tube placement
- ID of ROSC
- assessment of quality of CPR
Post-Resuscitation Care
The patient will be fragile and prone to re arrest with cardiovascular instability being common. They may require vasopressor/inotropic support. Both arryhythmias and neurologic dysfunction are very common
