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Neuromuscular I > CP > Flashcards

CP Flashcards

1
Q

define pyramidal vs extrapyramidal.

A

pyramidal - learning new skills -> motor

extrapyramidal - automatic, reflexes

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2
Q

spastic CP is what type of injury?

A

white matter injury

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3
Q

name the 4 types of movement classification.

A

spastic, ataxia, hypotonic, dyskinetic

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4
Q

what is more involved in diplegia?

A

LE

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5
Q

when can children be formally diagnosed with CP?

A

1-2 years

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6
Q

what type of problems do you figure out from birth - 5 years

A

prenatal and perinatal problems

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7
Q

during an interview, what info do you get from 6-21 years?

A

focus on functional skills, environment specific, needed for participation, transition to adulthood

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8
Q

_______ is not inherent in CP.

A

Cognition

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9
Q

what impacts learning oppurtunities?

A

independent mobility

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10
Q

what are the most associated impairments?

A

speech, vision

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11
Q

medications for seizures?

A

dilantin, tegretol, vagal nerve stimulator

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12
Q

caution for a seizure pt?

A

vestibular stimulation

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13
Q

age specific considerations for participation

birth-12 years

A

play and parent care giver child interactions

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14
Q

when do you use MMT and dynamometry for strength?

A

6-21 years

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15
Q

scoliosis increases with….

A

severity of CP

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16
Q

3 pelvic alignment abnormalities

A

obliquity - leg length inequality
posterior pelvic tilt
anterior pelvic tilt

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17
Q

why can a pt present with a hip subluxation/dislocation?

A

due to decreased WB forces from young age – leading to hip instability

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18
Q

critical ROM for hip stability:

A

at least 30 degrees of abd

avoiding hip flexion contraction of 20-25 degrees or greater

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19
Q

why can a pt present with a hip subluxation/dislocation?

A

due to decreased WB forces from young age – leading to hip instability, and atypical muscular pull

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20
Q

what is decreased dorsiflexion ROM due to?

A

shortened gastroc - hypertonicity

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21
Q

what else happens at the foot?

A

equinovalgus (flatfoot)

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22
Q

how is the sensory function in these children?

A

lacking

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23
Q

how is the sensory function in these children?

A

lacking, delayed

24
Q

jumping causes what motions?

A

hip, knee flexion, PF in stance

25
Q

gait abnormalities

A

knee hyperextension, decreased flexion in swing

26
Q

R1 of tardieu is…

A

point of first catch at dynamic end point and tested with fast velocity

27
Q

R2 of tardieu is…

A

passive ROM length

28
Q

how do these pts compensate for weak musculature?

A

co-contraction or fixing muscles

29
Q

difference between goals of GMFCS level I, II, III and IV+V

A

gross motor skills

early continuous postural management

30
Q

interventions during infancy

A

education to families, proper positioning, postural stability, smooth mobility

31
Q

interventions during preschool

A

independent mobility/functional independence, development of locomotor, cognitive, communication, fine motor, self care and social abilities

32
Q

interventions during school age, adolescent, adulthood

A

maintain achieved level of activity, participation in age appropriate activities or interests, health promotion and physical activity, prevent secondary impairments

33
Q

position you want CP pt in..

A

prone lying or where the muscles are most lengthened

34
Q

what will positioning allow for?

A

improves function and participation

prevents secondary impairments

35
Q

physiological effects of supported standing

A

improved bone stability, hip stability, improved lower extremity ROM, improved spasticity

36
Q

positives of AFOs

A

controls PF, maintains longitudinal arch, prevents hyperextension

37
Q

negatives of AFOs

A

eliminates movement of ankle, causes disuse atrophy

38
Q

what does serial casting allow for?

A

decrease resistance to passive stretch

increased dorsiflexion ROM

39
Q

tendon lengthening is for what muscles…

A

hamstrings, psoas, rectus femoris, adductors, gastroc

40
Q

tendon transfers for UE

A

extensor muscles

patellar tendon advancement; posterior or anterior tibialis advancement

41
Q

what is a derotational osteotomy?

A

achieving better alignment of head of femur in acetabulum or better alignment of the tibia

42
Q

who benefits from a selective dorsal rhizotomy?

A

GMFCS III & IV

43
Q

what do you need to work on post surgery dorsal rhizotomy?

A

strength

44
Q

spasticity meds

A

botox
baclofen
intrathecal baclofen

45
Q

what is not effective for increasing ROM, spasticity, or improving walking efficiency in children?

A

passive stretching

46
Q

what type of strength training is more effective? isokinetic or isotonic?

A

isotonic

47
Q

_____ doesn’t increase spasticity.

A

strengthening

48
Q

children with significant motor involvement can utilize…(form of exercise)

A

upper extremity cycling

49
Q

for those who can ambulate, what type of exercise should be performed?

A

functional physical training

50
Q

functional physical training program allows for significant improvement in…

A

aerobic endurance, walking distance, ambulation

51
Q

who benefits from functional physical training?

A

ages 8-13, GMFCS 1 & II

52
Q

NMES < -> FES?

A

NMES

53
Q

what is used to improve gross motor function and functional mobility in children with CP following orthopedic surgery?

A

body weight supported treadmill training

54
Q

who benefits from CIMT?

A

hemiplegic pts to improve hand function

55
Q

using repitition, verbal guidance, and rhythm is used in -

A

conductive education

56
Q

what is neurodevelopmental treatment approach used for?

A

reduce spasticity through therpautic handling during functional motor activities

Neuromuscular I (7 decks)

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