COW Flashcards
What are these symptoms of: Vomiting. Postprandial Nausea. Epigastric fullness after eating just a few bites. Abdominal bloating. Heartburn. Gastroesophageal reflux. Changes in blood sugar levels. Lack of appetite. Weight loss and malnutrition. lack of electrolyte balance
gastroparesis
What are these causes for:
Impaired glycemic control.
Extrinsic (e.g., vagal) and intrinsic neuropathies.
Abnormalities of Interstitial cells of Cajal.
Loss of nitric oxide synthase.
Myopathy.
gastroparesis
What is inflammation of gallbladder?
cholecystitis
What is choledocolethiasis?
When you have a gallstone in your common bile duct
HOw do you diagnosis cholecystitis?
there is ongoing pain (constant)
Positive murphy’s sign
elevated Liver function test
thickened wall on Plain film
What is pancreatitis?
What are the common causes of this?
Inflammation of the pancrease
biliary, alcholo, drugs, scorpion stings, hypercholesterolemia, ischemic/idiopathic, trauma or tumor
What is chollithiasis?
the formation of gallstones
What is cholangitis?
inflammation of bile ducts
What are the typical demographics of cholelithiasis?
the four f’s
fat, fertile, female, forty
What is cholecystitis?
inflammation of gall bladder
WHat is biliary colic?
pain related to the gallbladder that occurs when a gallstone transiently obstructs the cystic duct and the gallbladder contracts
What can cause a pancreatic obstruction?
tumor
What is this:
Intermittent right upper quadrant pain
Lasts few minutes to hours
Occurs after eating fatty, greasy meal
biliary colic
What is this:
Ongoing pain in RUQ
Elevated LFTs
Ultrasound findings
cholecystitis
What is this:
Chronic autoimmune disease affecting the extra and intrahepatic bile ducts
Leads to cirrhosis
Only definitive treatment is liver transplant
cholangitis
What is this:
Infection of the common bile duct from obstruction
Charcot’s triad – fever, RUQ abd pain, jaundice
Reynold’s pentad – plus confusion and hypotension
5-10% Mortality rate
Treatment is immediate ERCP and sphincterotomy after resuscitation and antibiotics
ascending cholangitis
What is this: Often constitutional symptoms Weight loss, malaise, nausea, back pain Jaundice is usual symptom that determines workup Not usually evident until bilirubin level > 2 Itching may also be presenting factor Evaluation CT scan
pancreatic mass
What is this:
Stone in neck of gallbladder or cystic duct impinging on common bile duct
mirrizi’s syndrome
What is this:
Less commonly seen now
Biliary fistula – cholecystoenteric fistula and stone causes obstruction at ileocecal valve
gallstone ileus
Does choleithiasis require intervention?
no but once it becomes symptomatic yet
What was the diagnosis of our patient for week 2?
ascending cholangitis
