Covalent substances

Question 1

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 1

A covalent bond is a shared pair of electrons so each atom has a full outer shell

Question 2

Describe the forces of attraction?

Answer 2

There’s a strong attraction between the shared electrons and the nuclei of the involved atoms

Question 3

What are simple molecular substances and give 3 examples?

Answer 3

Molecules which have low mpt and bpt because the molecules are easily parted.

• Chlorine
• Oxygen
• Water

Question 4

What are giant covalent structures and give 2 examples?

Answer 4

Similar to ionic giant structures except that there are no charged ions, all the atoms are bonded to each other by strong covalent bonds.

• Graphite
• Diamond

Question 5

Describe the structure and uses of diamond?

Answer 5

Each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds. This makes it very hard and it’s used fr drill tips and cutting tools.

Question 6

Describe the structure and uses of graphite?

Answer 6

Each carbon atom forms 3 covalent bonds, creating layers that are free to slide over each other. This makes it useful for lubricant. It also leaves free electrons which makes it the only non-metal that conducts electricity.