Covalent Bonding

Question 1

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 1

A covalent bond is a strong bond between two atoms that share 1 electron. They’re usually simple molecular substances.

Question 2

Explain Hydrogen’s covalent bond :

Answer 2

Hydrogen atoms have one electron so they need one more to fill the first shell. They form a single covalent bond with another hydrogen atom to do this

Question 3

Explain a water covalent bond :

Answer 3

In water the electrons share a pair of electrons with two hydrogen atoms to form 2 single covalent bonds

Question 4

Explain the covalent bond of methane:

Answer 4

Carbon has four outer electrons which is a half a shell. It can make four covalent bonds with hydrogen to fill up the shells

Question 5

Explain the covalent bonding of hydrogen chloride :

Answer 5

Both atoms only need one more electron to complete their outer shells

Question 6

Explain the covalent between oxygen

Answer 6

It needs two more electrons to complete its outer shell. In the gas each atom forms and double covalent bond

Question 7

Explain the covalent bond between carbon dioxide:

Answer 7

A carbon atoms shares two pairs of electrons with two oxygen atoms to form double covalent bonds

Question 8

What are some properties of simple molecular substances ?

Answer 8

Very weak bonds
To boil them you need to only get rid of the simple intermolecular forces
Most are gases or liquids at room temperature
As they get bigger the intermolecular forces increases
Not conduct electrify as no free electrons
Mixed solubility

Question 9

What are polymers and monomers?

Answer 9

Polymers are molecules that make up monomers

Monomers are lots of polymers that are long chains of covalently bonded carbon