Covalent Bonding Flashcards
What is covalent bonding
When 2 non-metals share 𝗣𝗮𝗶𝗿𝘀 of electrons
What is a simple covalent bond
1 shared pair of electrons between atoms
What are double and triple covalent bonds
Double bonds have 2 shared pairs of electrons
Triple bonds have 3 shared pairs of electrons
These bonds are stronger and require more energy to break
What is a diatomic element
They contain two atoms of the same element covalently bonded together
Which groups would have single,double and triple covalent bonds
Group 1 and group 7 - single
Group 2 and group 6 - double
Group 3 and group 5 - triple
How is methane ( c2 h6 ) represented in structural formula
H H
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H-C-C-H
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H HWhy do small covalent molecules have low melting and boiling points
Because they are held together by weak intermolecular forces which are easy to break therefore small covalent molecules are normally liquids or Hess at room temperature
What are intermolecular forces
Weak forces of attraction between molecules
What are small covalent bonds held together by
Small covalent molecules are held together by strong intramolecular forces called covalent bonds
What are intermolecular bonds
Intermolecular bonds are covalent bonds which are very strong
Why do small molecules have low melting and boiling points
Very littler energy is required to to overcome the weak intermolecular forces therefore they have low melting and boiling points
Why can’t big or small covalent molecules conduct electricity
Because they don’t contain delocalised electrons
Why do large molecules have stronger intermolecular forces
Intermolecular forces increase with the size of the molecule therefore largest molecules have strong intermolecular forces and are solid with very high melting points
Why do giant covalent structures have high melting and boiling points
Because a lot of energy is required to break the covalent bonds in the structure so it has very high melting points
Why do giant covalent structures have no intermolecular forces
Because they exists as 1 large structure therefore there are no intermolecular forces as it is only 1 molecule
