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Criminal Justice > Courts Exam > Flashcards

Courts Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Powell vs Alabama

A

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2
Q

Bets vs Brady

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3
Q

Gideon vs wainwright

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4
Q

Mapp vs Ohio

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5
Q

Terry vs Ohio

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6
Q

In re: Gault

A

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7
Q

Roe vs wade

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8
Q

Argersinger vs Hamlin

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9
Q

Weeks vs us

A

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10
Q

Miranda vs Arizona

A

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11
Q

Escobedo vs Illinois

A

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12
Q

Chimel vs california

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13
Q

Furman vs Georgia

A

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14
Q

Reynolds vs us

A

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15
Q

How many officers of the court?

A

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16
Q

What is the role of the judge?

A

Principal officer -

Make sure trial runs smoothly and is fair

17
Q

What is the role of court clerk?

A

Secretary to judge - accepts evidence - keeps judge on schedule

18
Q

What is the role of bailif?

A

Cop of the court room - protects judge - keeps court room safe

19
Q

What is role of court reporter?

A

They use short hand to write down everything that is said in court room and everything that is done.

20
Q

What is he role of prosecutor?

A

Against individual that is accused - represents state or victim

21
Q

Role of defense attorney

A

Represents the accused and their rights

22
Q

Name 6 officers of the court

A 
Judge
Bailiff 
Court reporter
Court clerk
Prosecutor
Defense
23
Q

Explain the concept of a Dual Court System:

A

The U.S. court system is divided into two administratively separate systems:

the federal:The federal courts handle only cases that involve federal law (such as immigration, use of federal property, eminent domain for federal lands, etc.

the state: The state courts handle cases that involve state laws, such as those with divorce, contracts, custody cases, real estate, etc.

24
Q

What is jurisdiction?

A

the official power to make legal decisions and judgments

25
Q

What are different types of jurisdiction?

A

Personal jurisdiction is the authority over a person, regardless of their location.

Territorial jurisdiction is the authority confined to a bounded space, including all those present therein, and events which occur there.

Subject Matter jurisdiction is the authority over the subject of the legal questions involved in the case.

26
Q

What is Venue

A

Venue is the location where a civil or criminal case is decided.

27
Q

Plea bargain?

A

any agreement in a criminal case between the prosecutor and defendant whereby the defendant agrees to plead guilty to a particular charge in return for some concession from the prosecutor.

28
Q

Preliminary hearing?

A

a “trial before the trial” at which the judge decides, not whether the defendant is “guilty” or “not guilty,” but whether there is enough evidence to force the defendant to stand trial.

29
Q

Own recognizance?

A

written promise signed by the defendant promising that they will show up for future court appearances and not engage in illegal activity.

30
Q

Conditional release?

A

Release of an accused or convict from custody or imprisonment, under conditions which bar him or her from certain activities or associations. Breach of any condition will revoke the release order.

31
Q

Types of sentences

A

There are 4:

Determinate -life,fixed,death

Indeterminate -refers to time that is not of a definite or fixed duration

Mandatory -requires that offenders serve a predefined term for certain crimes,

Administrative -second chance

32
Q

Purposes of sentencing:

A 
Punishment
Deterrence
Isolation
Retribution 
Restitution
Rehabilitation
Reintegration
33
Q

Lay witness

A

Present conscious aware

34
Q

Trial process

A 
Opening statements
Examination of witnesses direct)
Cross examination
Closing arguments
Jury instruction

Criminal Justice (4 decks)

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