CJ EXAM 2 Flashcards
Knapp Commission
1st analyses of New York Dept. Dealing with police corruption. Results= 10 % cops were dirty.
1st real police Dept.
Metropolitan in London England
Where did modern day policing come from?
California- they were the leaders
Father of Modern Day Policing
August Vollmer
Mapp vs. Ohio
Supreme Court landmark decision dealing with 4th amendment - (exclusionary rule) illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court
Miranda Vs. AZ
Landmark decision dealing with 5th amendment - You have to be told your rights
Escavido VS ILLINOIS
Landmark decision dealing with 6th amendment if they ask for attorney, questioning must stop.
Terry VS Ohio
Landmark decision declaring that officer fearing for his safety can do a “pat down”
What does the FBI mandate? (There are 4)
- Terrorism
- Cases of spying
- Organized crime
- Crime over state borders
CIA
Information gathering group - our spy network.
Where did 1st police uniforms come from?
Philadelphia (connected to Steven Girard
Statute of Winchester
In a time of crime the king said that he needed the help of “the people” and started the “Hue and the cry”
What is he hue and the cry?
Where civilians have to stop what they are doing if they hear the kings horn and chase after the criminal - punishable by death if they did not
What is one thing that has has a negative impact on policing?
Military
Levels of force
- Command presence
- Physical force
- Pepper spray/baton/taser
- Deadly force
Who founded and organized metropolitan police?
Robert Peele
What did Robert Peele believe?
He believed that the police should be honest and hard working -
That police should be selected from the community
“The people are the police and the police are the people”
Who opened up the 1st private detective agency?
Alan Pinkerton - Chicago - after civil war spying for Abe Lincoln
What did Alfred the great do?
Divided the country into “tithings”
10 tithings =shire (county)
Shireeve = sheriff of the county
Who founded the 1st private police dept.
Henry Fielding - BOW street policing
Who is the director of the FBI?
J. Edgar Hoover
Who established war on crime?
President Johnson
Who established wickersham commission?
Pres johnson
What is wickersham commission?
System to improve policing but no $$
What is LEEP?
Law enforcement education program
What is poisonous tree?
An illegal act
What is fruit of crime?
Anything the criminal got for doing crime
Fruit of poisonous tree?
Evidence that is obtained illegally : if the source (the “tree”) of the evidence or evidence itself is tainted, then anything gained (the “fruit”) from it is tainted as well.
Chival VS CALIFORNIA
Once you arrest someone you can search them
2 major areas in policing
Community policing and pro-active policing
Katz vs U.S
Searches of property where evidence is digital
U.S vs Leon
Exception to exclusionary rule - if police officer is acting in good faith and thinking that what he was doing was okay than illegally obtained evidence might be able to be used in court
What are the duties of police officer
Protect life and property
Maintain public order
Probably cause definition
That information or knowledge that would lead a reasonable prudent person to believe that a crime has been committed, is being committed or is about to be committed
What is blue curtain/ blue shin line
Where Officers might cover for one another because they are family
In re: gault
Juveniles have same right as adults
