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Millwright Level 2 > Couplings Clutches > Flashcards

Couplings Clutches Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the purpose of a shaft coupling?

A

Power transmission components used to connect the driving and driven shafts end to end.

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of couplings?

A

Rigid

Flexible

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3
Q

What are the different types of rigid couplings?

A

Sleeve couplings

Compression couplings

Ribbed couplings

Flange faced couplings

Threaded couplings

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4
Q

What application would sleeve couplings be used?

A

Low speed and low torque applications

Very simple ridged coupling

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5
Q

What applications are compressions couplings used?

A

Light to moderate loads

Can connect two shafts of different diameter

Often used when couplings are frequently removed

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6
Q

When are ribbed couplings used?

A

Heavy load and torque applications

Fits shafts 1” to 7”

After installation gap should be equal on both sides

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7
Q

Where would a rigid multi bore coupling be used?

A

Vertical pumps to connect shafts of unequal diameter

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8
Q

Describe flange faced couplings?

A

Can connect shafts of same or different diameter shafts

Flange halves are made with male and female hubs

Must be aligned properly

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9
Q

When is a threaded coupling used?

A

Vertical pumps where the drive unit is connects to the pump by a series of drive shafts.

On long applications a steady bearing must be used

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10
Q

What is the most common type of coupling? Why?

A

Flexible couplings

Because they compensate for some misalignment

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11
Q

How are flexible couplings classified?

A

Mechanical flexibility

Material flexibility

Combination flexibility (material and mechanical)

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12
Q

What are the types of mechanically flexible couplings?

A

Roller chain

Silent chain

Synthetic chain

Gear

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13
Q

What are the pros and cons of chain couplings?

A

Con: Limited torsional, shock and vibration dampening abilities

Must be lubricated to prolong life

Needs to be shielded in dirty environments

Pro:

Very easy to disconnect

Some shaft misalignment and shaft end play is accommodated

Axial travel can be up to 1/4” in some cases

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14
Q

This chain coupling provided more end play than double strand roller chain coupling?

A

Single roller coupling

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15
Q

This chain coupling is good for smooth running up to 5000rpm?

A

Silent chain coupling

Allows very minor misalignment and end play

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16
Q

This chain coupling is used for light power where it is not desirable to have oil or dirt?

A

Synthetic chain coupling

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17
Q

This rigid coupling allows considerable axial float and some angular and offset misalignment?

A

Gear coupling

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18
Q

What are the characteristics of gear couplings?

A

Can transmit extremely high torque loads at high rpm

Have mechanical flexibility

When curved teeth are used more misalignment can be tolerated

Can allow for considerable axial movement without transmitting axial thrust to machine components

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19
Q

These couplings are designed to allow parts of the coupling to flex when it’s subject to misalignment, load changes, and shock loads?

A

Flexible couplings

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20
Q

What are the different types of flexible couplings?

A

Rubber tire coupling

Elastomeric coupling

Pin and biscuit coupling

Flexible metal disc coupling

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21
Q

This flexible coupling is used to reduce shock and vibration from either the driver or driven machine. It has excellent flex ability that allow for any type of misalignment and end float?

A

Rubber tire coupling

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22
Q

This flexible coupling is compact and rugged and it’s major advantage is that the flexible element can easily be replaced without disturbing the hubs?

A

Elastomeric coupling

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23
Q

This flexible coupling uses a rubber or neoprene gasket to allow considerable deflection, torsional flexibility and axial float?

A

Pin and biscuit coupling

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24
Q

This flexible coupling uses a series of thin steel plates to provide flexibility. It can be used in single or dual disc sets. When dual disc sets are used it can compensate for both angular and oddest misalignment?

A

Metal disc coupling

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25
Q

What are the most common types of material/mechanical flexible couplings?

A

Steel grid coupling

Jaw and spider coupling

Splined rubber coupling

Pin and disc connector coupling

Pin and rubber busing connector

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26
Q

This combination coupling allows for torsional flexibility and minor amounts of misalignment. Allows some axial motion and steel grid can be removed easily to disconnect the machines or replace the grid?

A

Steel grid coupling

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27
Q

These couplings are on small to medium HP applications. To change the spider you must slide one or both of the hubs back?

A

Jaw and spider coupling

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28
Q

This combo coupling has hub flanges with internal teeth that engage a flexible rubber sleeve. It has high torsional flexibility and can tolerate shock loads, reversing, and dampen vibration.

It allows some shaft misalignment but tolerates considerable axial movement.

Requires no lube and can be used in the food industry

A

Splined rubber coupling

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29
Q

This combination coupling has a high torsional flex ability, dampens vibration, tolerates shock loads and reversing.

Hubs are either keyed to the shaft or taper locked

A flexible disc is positioned to engage with the pins in the hubs.

Allows for minor amounts of misalignment

A

Pin and disc connector coupling

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30
Q

This coupling consists of cast iron or steel flanged hubs. One hub is fitted with a number of steel studs or pins with rubber or synthetic bushings mounted to the pins.

Not recommended for drives with much misalignment but works well on reversing drives and can compensate for some axial end float between machine shafts

A

Pin and rubber bushing coupling

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31
Q

What are some types of special purpose couplings?

A

Universal joint

Centrifugal coupling

Shear pin coupling

Floating shaft coupling

Spacer coupling

Brake wheel coupling

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32
Q

What is the difference between a single and double universal joint?

A

Single universal joint can only be at an angle with no parallel offset. Limited to low forces low operating speeds and small angles

Double universal joint works where there is angular and parallel offset. Can be made telescopic

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33
Q

When using a double universal joint what must match?

A

Angles must be equal on both parts

And

Yokes must be in phase

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34
Q

This joint is used where angles are uneven. Often scene on 4x4 vehicles?

A

Constant velocity joint (CV joint)

35
Q

What power transmission characteristics do centrifugal couplings have?

A

Soft start

Smooth acceleration

Overload protection

Dampening shock

36
Q

What are the two operating members of a fluid coupling?

A

Impeller (pump)

Turbine (runner)

37
Q

How much fluid is recommended for manually filled fluid couplings?

A

80 percent

38
Q

True or false? Fluid couplings cannot handle any misalignment or end float?

A

True, each end of the coupling is held in close tolerances q

39
Q

This fluid coupling uses heat treated steel shot in the coupling housing?

A

Dry shot fluid coupling

40
Q

What type of coupling uses centrifugal force to move the weighted shoes to move outwards to contact the outer ring and engage the shaft?

A

Centrifugal shoe coupling

41
Q

This coupling shears when excessive force is generated?

A

Shear pin coupling

42
Q

This coupling allows space between the driving motor and drive component?

A

Floating shaft coupling

43
Q

What considerations should be taken when deciding what coupling to use?

A

Speed of unit

Horsepower requirements

Torque capacities

Shaft size

Space limitations

Installation and removal

Ability to perform correct alignment, vibration and balancing requirements of the machine

Availability of spare coupling parts

44
Q

At what rpm is it recommended to balance high speed couplings?

A

Over 3600rpm

45
Q

What are some high horsepower couplings?

A

Gear coupling

Universal joints

Silent chain coupling

Flange faced couplings

Flexible metal disc couplings

46
Q

What couplings are good for low HP applications?

A

Sleeve couplings

Roller chain couplings

Rubber tire couplings

Steel grid couplings

Jaw and spider coupling

Splined rubber couplings

47
Q

What are the 3 types of shaft misalignment?

A

Angular

Parallel offset

Combination of angular and offset

48
Q

What is the correct way to put a coupling on?

A

1 rotate shafts to make sure bearings are good

2 correct any problems before coupling is installed

3 inspect shaft fix or replace if necessary

4 measure coupling bore and see how it matches the shaft

5 lubricate shaft

7 read manufactures instructions

8 make sure you have axial movement unless specific scenario cannot have axial movement

49
Q

How much do you heat a steel hub for an interference fit?

A

180 degrees f above ambient temperatures for every .001” of interference per inch of hub diameter

50
Q

What is the purpose of a clutch?

A

Engage or disengage a driven machine without starting or stoping the prime mover.

51
Q

Clutches can be used to provide variable speeds, constant torque, limited torque, automatic disconnection and ___________?

A

Quick starts or stops

52
Q

What are the different types of clutches?

A

Positive contact clutches

Friction clutches

Radial friction clutches

Axial friction clutches

53
Q

Square jaw, spiral jaw and multiple tooth are what type of clutch?

A

Positive contact clutches

54
Q

What is the downside of positive contact clutches?

A

Because they do not allow slippage they cannot be engaged at high speeds.

55
Q

This positive contact clutch in bi directional, compact, simple and does not generate heat?

A

Square jaw

Actuation method: mechanical sliding of on jaw by mechanical lever, electric solenoid, pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder

56
Q

This positive contact clutch is one directional but can be engaged at higher speeds then the square jaw?

A

Spiral jaw clutch

Actuation method: mechanical sliding of one jaw by a manual leaver, electric solenoid, pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.

57
Q

This clutch engages at higher speeds than the other two positive engagement clutches. Can be activated manually or electrically?

A

Multiple clutch tooth

Actuation method: electric solenoid

58
Q

Friction clutches depend on _______________ between the clutch surfaces and pressure plates?

A

Coefficient of friction.

59
Q

This type of clutch can connect and disconnect the power source at any speed?

A

Friction clutches

60
Q

There are two classifications of friction clutches. Radial and ___________

A

Axial

61
Q

This catagory of friction clutches relies on contact pressure against a rim and drum? What are they ?

A

Radial clutches

Expanding shoe
And
Contracting shoe

62
Q

This category of friction clutch uses contact pressure applied to the face using a friction disc and pressure plate?

A

Axial clutches

Single disc
Multi disc
And cone

63
Q

This radial friction clutch is usually mechanically engaged where the shoes are attatched to on shaft and the drum to the other. The shoes expand outward to engage the inner section of the drum?

A

Expanding shoe clutch

Actuation method: mechanical linkage moved by hand, hydraulic cyl, pneumatic cyl, electrical solenoid

64
Q

This radial clutch acts opposite to the expanding shoe clutch. The rim with an bladder with shoes attached, when the bladder inflates it it forces the shoes inward?

A

Contracting shoe clutch

Actuation method: bladder engaged by air or oil

65
Q

These friction clutches rely on friction discs ( clutch disc and clutch plate) pressure plates and flywheels?

A

Single friction clutch and

Multiple-disc friction clutch

Actuation method: spring applied and mechanical release

66
Q

Electromagnetically activated clutches rely on what to engage?

A

It uses a activated magnetic field that pulls the movable armature with a friction disc mounted on its face

67
Q

This friction clutch is a cross between radial and axial clutches?

A

Cone clutch

Actuation method: mechanical linkage, pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric solenoid

68
Q

Hysteresis, magnetic particle and _______ are the three types of magnetic and electric clutches.

A

Eddy current

69
Q

Describe magnetic clutches?

A

Magnetic clutches are non friction clutches that use electric forces to engage the input shaft and output shafts without any direct mechanical connection.

70
Q

Can electromagnetic clutches transmit the same amount of torque as a friction mechanical clutch?

A

No this the downside of electromagnetic clutches

71
Q

The hysteresis clutch slips when?

A

The load on the output exceeds the strength of the magnetic field

72
Q

This magnetic clutch can be used in high speed power transmissions with quick response time by energizing the metal particles to form a link between the input rotor and output housing?

A

Magnetic particle

Actuation method: electric current on or off

73
Q

What two magnetic clutches are true Magnetic clutches?

A

Hysteresis

And

Eddy current

74
Q

These types of clutches are set with a pre determined amount of pressure and when the load becomes to great the clutch slips until over load is resolved?

A

Torque limiting clutches

Actuation method: spring loaded

75
Q

Roller ramp, cam type and _______ are the three types of one-way clutches?

A

Wrap spring

76
Q

This one way clutch uses springs and rollers to engage the holding power?

A

Roller ramp clutch

Actuation method: rotation in correct direction

77
Q

This one way clutch uses spring loaded cams to engage and dis engage clutch?

A

Can type (spray) clutch

Actuation: rotation in the correct direction

78
Q

This one way clutch engages by wrapping a spring around the hubs. When it is wound tight enough the shaft starts to drive. Can be used in extremely low power and moderately large torque loads?

A

Wrap spring clutch

79
Q

What is an overrunning clutch?

A

Two members are designed to drive in one direction relative to each other but lock up in the opposite direction of rotation.

80
Q

Brakes are used to?

A

Stop motion of the machine

Control speed and direction

Hold loads

81
Q

, drum and _______ are the two types of brakes?

A

Disc

82
Q

Rotating disc brakes and ________ are the two types of disc brakes?

A

Stationary disc brakes

83
Q

Drum brakes come in external and _______?

A

External:
Block brakes
Band brakes
External shoe brakes

Internal

84
Q

What are the different methods of brake activation?

A

Like clutches brakes can be applied by:

Mechanical
Pneumatic
Hydraulic
Electrical

Millwright Level 2 (15 decks)

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