Couples Flashcards
Functionalist view of domestic division of labour
Biological division. Parsons - expressive female and instrumental male
New Right: most beneficial for society and the gov
Who researched into March of progress view of domestic division of labour
Bott
Young and Willmott
Botts March of progress view of domestic division of labour
Segregated roles - separate roles, spend leisure time apart. Joint conjugal roles - spend leisure time to do things together.
Young and Willmott found segregated conjugal roles in w.c. families in Bethnal Green 1950s
Young and Willmotts March of progress view of domestic division of labour
Symmetrical family
Move towards joint/shared roles
More women paid work, new man - taking on domestic tasks, leisure time together, home centred and privatised
Long term trend
Why has the symmetrical family occurred
Social and cultural changes
E.G. Improved womens opportunities, higher living standards, labour saving devices, better housing, smaller families
Who researches in to the feminist view of domestic division of labour
Oakley and Boulton
What is Oakleys feminist view of domestic division of labour
Young and Willmott over exaggerated equality
Men helping out could just mean ironing a shirt once a week.
What is Boultons feminist view of domestic division of labour
Look who is responsible for the task not who is performing
Women still responsible for childcare
Less than 1 in 5 men take large role in childcare
March of progress view are couples becoming more equal
Sullivan: couples are becoming more equal, women do less domestic work, men taking on more traditional womens roles, domestic division more equal
Feminist view of whether couples are becoming more equal
Dual burden
BSA 2013: women doing 2x as much, roles divided traditional gender lines, little changes 1990s
How do Dex and Ward support Feminist view of whether couples are becoming more equal
Women still responsible for childcare
1% fathers take primary care for their child when its sick
How does Braun et al support Feminist view of whether couples are becoming more equal
Men have a provider ideology see themselves as background fathers whose purpose is to work and provide
How is Womens responsibility for familys quality time support Feminist view of whether couples are becoming more equal
Modern fragmented 24/7 society task has become harder as no routine
Juggling competing demands
How do Duncombe and Marsden support Feminist view of whether couples are becoming more equal
Triple shift
Emotional, paid, domestic work
What are the 3 explanations for the domestic division of labour
Economic
Cultural
Same sex/Gendered scripts
Outline the economic explanation for domestic division of labour
Men earn more so economically rational for them to go out to work
Evidence suggest women more equal paid work division be more equal
Who researches to support the economic explanation for the domestic division of labour
Arber and Ginn
Ramos
Arber and Ginns support for the economic explanation for domestic division of labour
Women in better paid work can afford to buy into labour saving devices e.g. Washing machines and childcare
Ramos support for the economic explanation for domestic division of labour
When the women is the full time bread winner and the man in unemployed the domestic division of labour is more equal
Outline Dunnes same sex couples explanation for domestic division of labour
Division labour due to gendered scripts
37 lesbian couples with children found more equal division labour, lack gendered scripts
Heterosexuals socialised expect male and female roles
Lesbians are not and more open to negotiation
Evaluation of same sex couples
Lesbian couple where one individual is working/earning significantly more they do less housework
Outline social/cultural explanation for domestic division of labour
Women performing more domestic tasks as this is what they have been socialised to do and what society expects
Evidence change in socialisation, norms, role models, expectations, attitudes, values lead more equal division
Who supports social/cultural explanation for domestic division of labour
BSA 2013
Kan
Gershuny
How does the BSA 2013 support social/cultural explanation for domestic division of labour
Long term change in attitudes
How does Kan support social/cultural explanation for domestic division of labour
Younger men doing more housework
How does Gershuny support social/cultural explanation for domestic division of labour
Couples are adapting to women working full time, establishing a new norm of men doing more housework
Who looks in to resource and decision making
Kempson
Pahl and Vogler
Edgell
Personal Life Perspective
Outline Kempsons resource and decision making
Researched into low income households and found unequal division labour women often denying own needs make ends meet
Looked inti adequate families women often led to poverty making familys needs a priority
Result who controls income = man
Outline Pahl and Voglers resource and decision making
Allowance system - male breadwinner and female unemployed, husband givers her an allowance to budget for familys needs
Pooling system - both in paid work and budget together e.g. Joint bank
Recent years increase in pooling
Vogler notes allowance still most dominant reflecting man earning more
Evaluation of Pahl and Vogler
Questionable if pooling system really equal, who controls the system? Are equal contributions made?
Outline Edgells resource and decision making
Professional both individuals full time paid work, unequal division
Important decisions by man e.g. Finances or moving house
Important decisions joint
Less important e.g. Food shopping women
Own to economic and cultural factors
Outline Personal Life Perspective of Money resource and decision making
Looks at meanings couples give to money
Nyman: meanings often reflect nature of relationship
Smart: heterosexual baggage of cultural meaning associating money with power or dominance. Money not a source of equality or inequality
Outline statistics on domestic violence
BCS 6.6million assaults per year mainly men on women
Nearly 1/4 women assaulted by her partner some time
Why are domestic violence statistics inaccurate
Under Reporting
Under Recording
Why are domestic violence statistics under reported
Violent crime least likely to be reported
Just over 1/3 assaults actually reported
Yearnshire: average takes 33 assaults before woman reports it
Why are domestic violence statistics under recorded
Police reluctant as do not like to get involved private family life
Believe individuals free to leave
(Often cant as dependent on husband)
What are the 3 explanations of domestic violence
Radical feminist
Materialistic explanation
Marxist feminist
What is the radical feminist explanation of domestic violence
Men oppress women, patriarchal norms, subordination
Benefit from womens unpaid domestic labour and sexual services
Enables men control women
Men dominate state not taken seriously in CJS
Dobash and Dobash result males feeling their authority is challenged, marriage legitimises giving power and control to men
What is the materialistic explanation of domestic violence
Focuses on economic factors
Wilkinson and Pickett: lack of resources, low income cant afford, feeling of inequality, become more stressed increased risk violence
What is the marxist feminist explanation of domestic violence
Ansley Emotional safety valve Takers of shit Ideological conditioning device McCaffee and Woods Petty dictators
