Countries of Latin America Flashcards
0
Q
The Mayans
A
- One of the 3 most important Indigenous group
- Inhabited the Yucatàn (Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and Belieze)
- One of the most advanced cultures
- intellectual, arithmetic system, a calendar, hieroglyphic writing
- Human Sacrifice
- Language: Mayan
1
Q
Colombia
A
- Located in South America
- In pre-Colombian times, Chibchas, The Muiscas, and The Quechuas inhabited the area.
- In 1501, Rodrigo de Bastidas was The first European to arrive to the region.
- Between 1524 and 1534, the Spaniards colonized the area and called it Nueva Granada.
- Columbian economy is based on agriculture and it’s most important exports our coffee, corn, rice, sugar, cotton, and bananas.
- The capital is Santa Fe de Bogotá
- Currency is the Columbian peso.
2
Q
The Incas
A
- inhabited what is now Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile
- Culture based on Ayllu (Clan) and communal agriculture
- tyrannical policy and used violence to control subjects
- Language: Quechua
- Architecture was their form of art
3
Q
The Aztecs
A
- Inhabited central Mexico
- best-known leaders were Montezuma I and Montezuma II
- Capital empire was Tenochtitlan
- Developed Society with different classes
- Language was Náhuatl.
4
Q
Ecuador
A
- Located in South America
- The Incas conquered the tribes that inhabited the area
- Economy is based on agriculture and it is the largest exporter of bananas
- Oil and its products are also important for the economy
- The capital is Quito
- Currency is the US dollar
5
Q
Venezuela
A
- Located in South America
- In 1812 it declared its independence
- Economy is based on oil and its products
- Capital is Caracas
- Currency is bolivar
6
Q
Uruguay
A
- Located in South America
- Several indigenous peoples inhabited the area but most notably the Charrúas who rebelled against the Spaniards who wanted to conquer the region
- After fighting against the Spaniards and the Portuguese and after several different changes in government, Uruguay was established as a state in 1825
- The capital is Montevideo
- Currency is the Uruguayan peso
7
Q
Bolivia
A
- South America
- Interesting fact, the country doesn’t have access to the ocean
- The Pukina and the Aymara inhabited the area but were under the Inca Empire
- In 1825 Simón Bolívar declared independence
- Has 2 capitals: The administrative capital and seat of government is La Paz and the constitutional capital is Sucre.
- 3 official languages: Spanish, Quechua, and Aymara
- Currency is boliviano
8
Q
Peru
A
- South America
- Machu Picchu is located in Peru
- Several indigenous groups inhabited the area under the Inca Empire
- Between 1531-1535, the region was conquered by Francisco Pizarro
- in 1820, José de San Martín took control of the country and declared independence
- The economy is based on agriculture
- The capital is Lima
- Currency is Sol
- The official languages are Spanish and Quechua.
9
Q
Argentina
A
- South America
- Declared its independence in 1816
- Economy based on livestock and oil
- Capital is Buenos Aires
- Currency is the Argentine peso
10
Q
Paraguay
A
- South America
- Interesting to note that this country also does not have access to the ocean
- Guaraní inhabited the area
- Between 1735 and 1756 the Guaraní rebelled against the Spaniards
- Paraguay fought against Argentina and Spain and in 1830 declared independence
- Has two official languages: Spanish and Guaraní
- Capital Asunción
- Currency is the guaraní
11
Q
Chile
A
- South America
- Inhabited by the Incas in pre-columbian times
- Declared independence from Spain in 1818
- Economy based on agriculture, vinyards, exports of wine, and tourism (due to the different climates)
- The capital is Santiago
- Currency is the Chilean peso
12
Q
The Antilles
A
- The archipelago in the Caribbean Sea between North and South America
- The greater Antilles are Cuba, Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti), Jamaica, and Puerto Rico
- The Lesser Antilles are the islands on the east of the Caribbean Sea and include Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martique, Saint Lucia, Barbados, Granada, Trinidad…
- The first land Colón put his foot on in 1492.
- Sugar production flourished and, with it, slavery
- There is a large mix of races in the islands, and, due to the big imports of slaves, the influence of Africa is notable
14
Q
The Dominican Republic
A
- Located on the Island of Hispaniola
- Inhabited by Tiano and Arawak
- In 1844, independence was declared
- Economy based on agriculture ( mainly sugar cane)
- Capital Santo Domingo
- Currency is the Dominican peso
15
Q
South America
A
Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, and Argentina.
