Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COUN 530 > Counseling in a Diverse Society > Flashcards

Counseling in a Diverse Society Flashcards

1
Q

Culture

A
  • Any group of people who identify with one another on the basis of a common purpose, need, or similarity of background.
  • Consists of ethnographic, demographic, and status variables.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Multiculturalism

A

Taking into account differences in areas such as language, social class, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, religion, and level of ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Multicultural counseling

A

Multiple perspectives or multiple cultural viewpoints within the counseling relationship in which none are dominant or considered more ’normal’ than others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Etic perspective emphasizes the…

A

…universal qualities of counseling that are culturally generalizable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Emic perspective focuses on the…

A

…indigenous characteristics of each cultural group that influence the counseling process, emphasizing counseling approaches that are culturally specific.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Worldview refers to…

A

…the way people perceive their relationship to the world, including nature, other people, objects, and religious experiences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Prejudice is…

A

… a negative bias toward a particular group of people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Racism is based on prejudicial beliefs, which maintain…

A

…that racial groups other than one’s own are inferior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cultural racism occurs when…

A

…one cultural group considers another group inferior, and the first group has the power to impose its standards on the other group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Institutionalized racism refers to…

A

…the established use of policies, laws, customs, and norms to perpetuate discrimination and prejudice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Western values include:

A
  • individualism
  • autonomy
  • action-oriented approaches to problem solving
  • strong work ethics
  • emphasis on rigid time schedules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acculturation can be defined as…

A

…cultural adaptation that occurs as a result of contact between multiple cultures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Enculturation involves…

A

…the retention of one’s culture of identity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cultural pluralism is the term used to describe minority groups that…

A

…participate fully in the dominant society yet maintain their distinct cultural differences.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sexual orientation refers to…

A

…past, present, and ideal feelings about who is attractive and desirable in sexual and/or romantic ways.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The term queer has been…

A

…reclaimed by many youth and individuals who identify outside the heteronormative or gender binary community.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Questioning individuals are those who are…

A

… beginning to explore their sexual understanding and orientation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Referring to someone as homosexual is discouraged because…

A

…the early editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 1968 classified homosexuality as a mental illness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sexual identity includes both…

A

…the affectional and sexual dimensions of self that are evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sexual identity is based on…

A

…attraction, interests, and self-identification and can be viewed across a life span of development rather than as a constant in a person’s life.

21
Q

Homophobia refers to an…

A

…antigay bias, or a fear of individuals who are perceived as lesbian, gay, or bisexual.

22
Q

Heterosexism refers to the viewpoint that…

A

…heterosexuality is the only acceptable sexual orientation.

23
Q

Homonegativity can be defined as…

A

…negative thoughts and feelings about sexual minorities.

24
Q

Familism is defined as…

A

…the primary importance of family.

25
Q

Coming out

A

Letting other people know that one is lesbian, gay, or bisexual.

26
Q

Internalized homophobia occurs when…

A

…a lesbian, gay, or bisexual individual internalizes negative societal attitudes about sexual minorities, which can result in cognitive dissonance, low self-esteem, depression, and other forms of psychological distress.

27
Q

Work discrimination refers to…

A

…unfair and negative treatment based on personal attributes that are unrelated to job performance.

28
Q

Transgender individuals are people whose gender identity and expression…

A

…conflict with their biological manifestation of sex.

29
Q

Genderqueer individuals do not identify with…

A

…the traditional labels of male or female.

30
Q

Transsexual individuals pursue…

A

…hormonal treatment and/or sex reassignment surgery so that their externalized gender identification will match their internal gender identification.

31
Q

Gender dysphoria describes individuals who experience…

A

…incongruence between their expressed/experienced gender and their assigned gender.

32
Q

Examples of physical disabilities include:

A
  • sensory loss (e.g., blindness, deafness)
  • orthopedic impairments, amputations, and congenital disabilities (e.g., spinal bifida)
  • chronic illness (e.g., multiple sclerosis, diabetes, chronic heart disease)
33
Q

Examples of cognitive disabilities include:

A
  • developmental disabilities
  • Alzheimer’s disease
  • learning disabilities
  • other cognitive impairments
34
Q

Psychiatric disabilities include a range of mental disorders, including:

A
  • mood disorders
  • psychoses
  • substance abuse or dependence
35
Q

Discrimination against anyone disabled is referred to as…

A

…ableism.

36
Q

The Supreme Court narrowed the ADA definition of disability by ruling that for a person to be considered substantially limited, the impairment must…

A

…prevent or severely restrict the individual from doing activities that are of central importance to most people’s daily lives, and that the impairment must be permanent or long term

37
Q

Prevention (as related to disability) is…

A

…the emphasis is on preventing disease or disability before it occurs (i.e. public awareness efforts).

38
Q

Intervention refers to…

A

direct, time-limited strategies that often are implemented in crisis-like situations, such as with spinal cord injury, myocardial infarction, or severe psychological distress.

39
Q

Postvention, also called rehabilitation counseling, focuses on…

A

…helping people with permanent or chronic physical, cognitive, and psychiatric disabilities cope successfully and adjust to life with those disabilities.

40
Q

Client-aimed interventions include:

A
  • personal adjustment counseling
  • vocational counseling
  • behavioral modification
  • skill development in performance of the activities of daily living (ADLs).
41
Q

Environment-aimed interventions are targeted toward…

A

…barriers in the external environment that may need modification to meet the client’s goals.

42
Q

Families in the chronic phase are…

A

…coping with the day-to-day issues related to the disability.

43
Q

During the terminal phase, the primary caretakers frequently are…

A

…under a tremendous amount of stress, and family interactions may be strained.

44
Q

Socioeconomic status (SES) classifies people according to social and economic dimensions. Indicators of SES include…

A

…income, occupation, education level, use of public assistance, and access to health care.

45
Q

Social class is…

A

…hierarchical in nature and fluid across one’s lifespan.

46
Q

Classism refers to…

A

…oppression, discrimination, or marginalization experienced by people who are negatively affected by socioeconomic disparity.

47
Q

Social class privilege is…

A

…a benefit or advantage given to a person by reason of social position and is often unrecognized by the people who have it.

48
Q

Poverty threshold is the amount of…

A

…cash income minimally required to support families of various sizes.

COUN 530 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions