Counseling & Helping Relationship

Question 1

4 key elements of a therapeutic relationship

Answer 1

1. Human relations
2. Social influence
3. Skills
4. Theory

Question 2

Human relationship core qualities

Answer 2

1. Empathy
2. Respect
3. Genuineness (rogers)

Question 3

Social influences core

Answer 3

1. Competence, power, intimacy
2. Expertness, attractiveness, trustworthiness (Stanley Strong)

Question 4

Skills core qualities

Answer 4

Communication skills attending, inquiry, reflection (Allen Ivey)

Question 5

Theory core qualities

Answer 5

1. Help understand problems
2. Choose interventions that are more likely to be effective

Question 6

Freud three parts of personality

Answer 6

Id: basic impulses,unconscious motivation, ruled by pleasure principle

Ego: reality principle, mediates between id and superego, mainly conscious

Superego: ideals and morals, preconscious level

Question 7

Transference

Answer 7

Projections on to therapist by client

Question 8

Countertransference

Answer 8

Projections of therapist on client

Question 9

Neo Freudians

Answer 9

Placed less emphasis on the id and more emphasis on the ego.

Karen Horney: security is the main motivation anxious when not attained. Neurotic needs

Erich Fromm: join with others to develop self fulfillment and social character. Society offers opportunities for love and respect.

Harry Stack Sullivan: a social systems (interpersonal) approach. Behavior is better understood through social interactions

Other theorists: Otto Rank, Willheim Reich, Theodore Reik, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler.

Question 10

Object relations theory formed from which family of theories?

Answer 10

Comes from Psychoanalytic concepts.

Freud used term objects to refer to a significant person or thing

Question 11

What are object relations?

Answer 11

Interpersonal relationships that shape an individuals current interactions with people both in reality and fantasy.

Question 12

4 broad stages of development in Object Relations theory

Answer 12

1. Fusion with mother: first 3-4 weeks of life
2. Symbiosis: with mother 3 to 8 months
3. Separation/individuation: 4th or 5th month
4. Constancy of self and object: 36 months or 3 years

Question 13

Disorders that result from not successful progressing through object relations developmental stages

Answer 13

Attachment disorders
Borderline Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Question 14

Writers in Object relations theory

Answer 14

Margaret Mahler (Psychological Birth of the human infant)
Heinz Kohut
Otto Kernberg

Question 15

Person-centered (client-centered, Rogerian)

Answer 15

Reacted against directive psychoanalytic approach

Focus is more on the persons phenomenological world

Process of becoming (self actualization) and client relationship is are key

Question 16

Unconditional Positive regard (Rogers)

Answer 16

Basic acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person says or does.

Question 17

Core facilitative conditions in person centered therapy (Rogers)

Answer 17

1. Unconditional positive regard
2. Genuineness (congruence)
3. Empathic understanding

Question 18

Gestalt (Frederick ̳Fritz‘ Perls)

Answer 18

Based on existential principles
Here and now focus
Holistic system theory view point

Question 19

Goal of gestalt therapy

Answer 19

For individuals to become whole beings, to complete gestalts where the needs of the figure or needs in the foreground are met.

Question 20

Who wrote in out of the garbage can?

Answer 20

Fritz perls

Question 21

What type of therapy is gestalt therapy

Answer 21

Experiential technique