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CPCE > Career Development > Flashcards

Career Development Flashcards

1
Q

5 most influential Career Counseling Theories

A
  1. Super
  2. Holland
  3. Gottfredson
  4. Krumboltz
  5. Savickas
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2
Q

Donald Super (Developmental approach to careers)

A

Characterized as life-span life-space
Career rainbow (see photo)

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3
Q

John Holland 6 personality types (structural)

A

RIASEC
Realistic: mechanic technician
Investigative: chemist computer programmer
Artistic: artist, editor
Social: teacher, counselor
Enterprising: manager, sales
Conventional: file clerk, accountant

Everyone has all 6 types in varying degrees

environments can be categorized in same 6 categories

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4
Q

Consistency (Holland)

A

Adjacent pairs of types are more psychologically alike than no adjacent pairs

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5
Q

Differentiation (Holland)

A

How varried persons types are

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6
Q

Congruence (Holland)

A

The individual’s type and environment type are the same

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7
Q

Vocational identity (Holland)

A

High identity individuals are those who have a clear and stable picture of their interests and goals

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8
Q

Linda Gottfredson (Developmental)

A

Circumscription & Compromise

Individuals circumscribe (narrow down occupations) and compromise (opt out
of unavailable or inappropriate occupations) as they develop.

focuses on the development of an individual’s view of the occupational choices available

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9
Q

Gottfredson’s 4 stages

A
  1. Orientation to size and power (3-5)
  2. Orientation to sex roles (6-8)
  3. Orientation to social valuation (9-13)
  4. Orientation to internal unique self (14+)
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10
Q

Young children according to Gottfredson

A

Tend to choose careers which fit their gender

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11
Q

Preadolescents according to Gottfredson

A

Choose occupation based on social values and their social class

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12
Q

Teens according to Gottfredson

A

Choose occupation based on self-awareness and personal characteristics

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13
Q

Zone of acceptable alternatives (Gottfredson)

A

Identified range of occupational options based on a persons self concept

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14
Q

John Krumboltz (learning theory of career counseling -LTCC)

A

Focused less on having specific plans for your future and finding opportunities in unplanned events (planned happenstance)

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15
Q

Krumboltz states career development and career decisions involve which 4 things?

A
  1. Genetic endowments and special abilities
  2. Environmental conditions and events
  3. Instrumental and associative learning experiences
  4. Task approach skills (problem solving, work habits mcm etc.)
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16
Q

Career beliefs inventory invented by who?

A

Krumboltz used to identify clients mental barriers preventing them from taking action

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17
Q

Ginzburg, Ginsburg, Axelrad, and Herma

A

Developmentalists: decision making is important and was influenced by adolescent adjustment patterns.

Occupational choice progressed through 3 periods:

  1. Fantasy (birth to 11) play becomes work oriented
  2. Tentative (11-17) 4 stages interest, capacity, value, transition.
  3. Realistic (17+) 3 stages exploration, crystallization, specification
18
Q

Anna Roe ( needs approach)

A

Careers are chosen to meet needs

19
Q

Roe’s Field by level classification of occupations

A

6 levels
1. Professional and managerial (highest level)
2. Professional and managerial (regular)
3. Semi professional and managerial
4. Skilled
5. Semi skilled
6. Unskilled

Eight fields
1. Service
2. Business contact
3. Managerial
4. General cultural
5. Arts and entertainment
6. Technology
7. Outdoor
8. Science

20
Q

Tiedeman and Miller-Tiedeman‘s decision-making model

A

believed that career development occurred as part of cognitive development as one resolved ego-relevant crises.

Career decision making is a continuous process consisting of two phases, anticipation
or preoccupation, and implementation or adjustment.

21
Q

Anticipation or preoccupation (Tiedeman)

A
  1. Exploitation
  2. Crystallization
  3. Choice
  4. Clarification
22
Q

Implementation or adjustment (Tiedeman)

A
  1. Induction
  2. Reformation
  3. Integration
23
Q

Cognitive information processing (CIP)

A

A procedure for solving career problems was developed based on a series of assumptions
which emphasize cognitions, information, and problem solving.

24
Q

Sequential procedure of CIP

A

CASVE
1. Communication: identifying career-related needs
2. Analysis: identifying the problem components
3. Synthesis: formulating courses of action or alternatives
4. Valuing: prioritizing process
5. Execution: developing plans and implementation strategies

25
Q

Self efficacy (Bandura) can be strengthened through learning experiences such as:

A
  1. Personal performance accomplishment s
  2. Vicarious learning
  3. Social persuasion
  4. Physiological states and reactions
26
Q

Constructivism

A

Individuals construct their own reality or truth through their own way of organizing information

27
Q

Constructivism

A

An individual cannot be understood apart from the context they exist in. Takes into account individual perception and environment.

28
Q

Goal of a career counselor

A

Encourage the client to make meaning of their situation

29
Q

Mark Savickas career construction theory

A

Uses social construction theory

Help clients make sense of their life and work

Life design- deconstructing small stories coconstruct with client life portrait or identity narrative.

Construct career story into new episode

30
Q

H.B. Gelatt’s decision making process

A
  1. Recognize a need for change
  2. Collect data and look at courses of action
  3. Examine potential outcomes and their probability
  4. Attend to your value system
  5. Evaluate and make decisions (choose)
31
Q

Trait factor approach (Frank Parsons)

A

Wrote choosing a vocation

  1. Study the individual (traits)
  2. Survey occupations (favors)
  3. Match the person with an occupation (using true reasoning)

Stimulated the development of assessments

32
Q

Comprehensive model of career counseling (John Crites)

A
  1. Differential - what are the problems?
  2. Dynamic - why have the problems occurred?
  3. Decisions - how are the problems being dealt with?
33
Q

After diagnosis crites suggested that counselors…

A
  1. Client centered and developmental counseling to begin with
  2. Psychodynamic techniques later
  3. Then trait-factor and behavioral approaches
34
Q

Crites is associated with the concept of…

A

Vocational maturity and developed the career maturity inventory

35
Q

Undecided vs indecisive

A

Undecided: Implies the individual needs more information

Indecisive: ongoing trait of an individual (may require personal counseling)

36
Q

Career guidance vs career counseling

A

Guidance: focus on understanding and acting upon self knowledge and knowledge of opportunities in work education and leisure. Develop decision making skills

Counseling: focus on career development more specifically values and attitudes, self understanding, career info, and career planning and decision making.

37
Q

Sterner

A

Argued for the integration of career planning with mental health counseling

38
Q

Calhoun and Hayden (2019)

A

Researches should broaden their perspective and inform counselors of the overlap between mental health and career development

39
Q

Schmidt’s counseling strategies for trauma informed career counseling

A
  1. Be transparent
  2. Establish trust
  3. Ask permission
  4. Focus on here and now
40
Q

Computer-career guidance systems

A

SIGI 3
DISCOVER
Magellan 7
CHOICES
Focus 2
Career information systems (CIS)

CPCE (9 decks)

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